Human Pulling Strengths in Different Conditions of Exertion

Cheng, Te-Shiang; Lee, Tzu-Hsien

doi:10.2466/pms.98.2.542-550

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Currently, most of the push and pull strength literature has focused on the determining hand strength under various conditions; including upper limb posture and end-effector (such as fastener, clips and end-connectors) height. Specifically, Kumar (1995) and Cheng and Lee (2004) examined pulling strength at various handle heights, and MacKinnon (1998) studied the same variable but while standing and sitting. In addition, Fothergill et al (1996) investigated how the end-effector in combination with height influenced overall pull strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum isometric finger pull forces

Cort

Potvin

2011

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximum isometric finger pull forces

Cort

Potvin

2011

International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics

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“…As a rule of thumb, female strength is two-thirds the strength of males [ 11 ]. In general, the percentage of female to male strength ranges from 45% to 80%, depending on the muscle groups or types of maneuvers [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. For example, the strengths of females were found to be 53% and 48% of the strength of males for pulling and pushing in sitting positions [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effects of Backrest Angle and Stick Location on Female Strength

Chao

2021

IJERPH

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of backrest angle and hand maneuver direction on maximum hand strength and to recommend a strength value for the hand-controlled stick of an aircraft. Methods: Forty-eight female subjects were recruited to perform simulated forward–backward and adduction–abduction maneuvers using control sticks. Each subject was free from musculoskeletal disorders and pain. The independent variables included four control maneuvers (forward, backward, adduction, abduction), two right-hand control stick locations (central, side), and three backrest angles (90°, 103°, 108°). The dependent variable was maximum hand strength. Results: The maximum strength for forward maneuvers with both central and side sticks was strongest at a 90° backrest angle (p < 0.001). The maximum strength for adduction maneuvers with both central and side sticks was also strongest at a 90° backrest angle (p < 0.001). On the other hand, the highest strength was observed at a 108° backrest angle when pulling the stick backward (p < 0.001). The abduction strength was significantly stronger than the adduction strength with a central stick (p < 0.001), but the adduction strength was significantly stronger than the abduction strength with a side stick (p < 0.001–p = 0.017). The forward and abduction strength were significantly different in different locations (p < 0.001). The recommended strength in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) by the US FAA is higher than the strength values observed in this study. Conclusions: The backrest angle, directions, and location affected the muscular strength. The recommended values should be reevaluated and adjusted for Taiwanese pilots.

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“…Previous studies have also investigated the effect on strength caused by the height above the ground at which the exertion was made (Yates, Kamon, Rodgers, & Champney, 1980;Mital, 1984;Cheng & Lee, 2004). Yates, et al (1980) found that upper-body strength (e.g., shoulder strength) was a limiting factor when determining acceptable loads above the waist level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Static Lifting Strengths at Full Range Exertion Heights in a Young Taiwanese Sample

Chen

Lee

2012

Percept Mot Skills

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This study evaluated sex differences in static lifting strengths (LS) at various exertion heights. Healthy adult young men (n=50; M age=23.4 yr., SD=2.3) and women (n=50; M age=22.5 yr., SD=2.8) were used as participants, and their static lifting strengths were measured at various heights (10 to 150 cm, in increments of 10 cm). Repeated measures ANOVA indicated that the strength profiles were significantly different. When the exerting height was less than or equal to 80 cm, the strengths of women were approximately two-thirds that of the men. Participants adopted a nearly erect posture at above 80 cm, and the weakness of women's upper extremities and disadvantageous posture were directly reflected in reduced strength values relative to men. One potential implication is that, because of the relatively lower isometric lifting strength for young Taiwanese women, caution should be exercised in the weight limit when lifting heights above the hip level, especially when above the shoulder level.

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Human Pulling Strengths in Different Conditions of Exertion

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Maximum isometric finger pull forces

Maximum isometric finger pull forces

Investigation into the Effects of Backrest Angle and Stick Location on Female Strength

Sex Differences in Static Lifting Strengths at Full Range Exertion Heights in a Young Taiwanese Sample

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