Human Parvovirus 4 as Potential Cause of Encephalitis in Children, India

Benjamin, Laura; Lewthwaite, Penny; Ravi, Vasanthapuram; Zhao, Guoyan; Simmonds, Peter; Wang, David; Solomon, Tom

doi:10.3201/eid1708.110165

Cited by 50 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…However, a study in Africa detected PARV4 DNA in nasal and fecal samples; thus respiratory and fecal-oral transmission of the virus was suggested (9). Nonparenteral transmission has also been reported in South Africa and India (10,11). In addition, researchers that conducted a study in Taiwan suggested placental transmission (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the virus has been diagnosed in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), skin, myocardium, and blood products around the world (1,3,7,8,11,(15)(16)(17). Despite the detection of viral nucleic acid in many organs, PARV4 has scarcely been linked to specific symptoms, except for a recent study that was conducted in Africa linking PARV4 to encephalitis (11) and another study in which the virus was diagnosed in people with symptoms including pharyngitis, nausea, and joint pain (1). However, it is difficult to determine a pathological association because PARV4 was often found in individuals with HCV, HBV, or HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

et al. 2017

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Background/aim: PARV4, a small DNA virus belonging to the family Parvoviridae, was first isolated in an HBV injecting drug user. Several studies have investigated PARV4 co-infection with HBV and HCV and its effect on the progression of liver disease. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of PARV4 among HBV-infected patients and healthy individuals. Materials and methods:A group of 90 HBV patients and a group of 90 healthy subjects were included in this study. Samples were selected after screening tests such as HBsAg ELISA, anti-HCV ELISA, and anti-HIV ELISA. Nested-PCRs were conducted to detect the PARV4 genome. Positive samples were then subjected to DNA sequencing.Results: PARV4 DNA was detected in 4.4% of HBV patients in comparison with 1.1% of healthy individuals (P-value: 0.36). DNA sequencing results revealed that PARV4 in all five positive samples was genotype I.Conclusions: Although this pilot study showed no significant difference between the frequency of PARV4 among HBV patients and healthy donors, further studies with a larger sample size are suggested to determine the association of PARV4 with HBV co-infection and the impact of this virus on the progression of liver disease in patients with hepatitis B.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

et al. 2017

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“…ДНК PARV4 обнаружена в крови, лимфоид-ной ткани, костном мозге, печени и централь-ной нервной системе; она может сохраняться в лимфоидной ткани в течение нескольких лет после первичной виремии [10,25,43,48,51].…”

Section: лабораторная диагностикаunclassified

“…При обследовании больных с ОРЗ в 9,4% случаев были обнаружены IgG-и IgM-АТ к PARV4 [74]. ДНК PARV4 была выделена в спинномозговой жидкости детей первых трех лет жизни с энцефа-литом [10].…”

Section: клинико-эпидемиологические особенности тетрапарвовирусной инunclassified

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Viruses of the Parvoviridae Family: Molecular Genetical Aspects of Reproduction and Medical Importance

Антипова

Лаврентьева

2017

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Резюме. Открытие новых парвовирусов привело к пересмотру таксономической структуры и номенклату-ры семейства Parvoviridae. Выделяют два подсемейства: Densovirinae и Parvovirinae. Подсемейство Densovirinae включает вирусы членистоногих. Подсемейство Parvovirinae объединяет вирусы позвоночных животных и включает в себя восемь родов. В данном обзоре будут рассмотрены парвовирусы, представляющие интерес для практического здравоохранения. Представлены данные о молекулярно-биологических и вирусологиче-ских характеристиках вирусов, эпидемиологических и клинических особенностях вызываемых этими ви-русами инфекций. Парвовирусы, изучение которых актуально для терапии различных заболеваний челове-ка, относятся к пяти родам: Bocaparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Erythroparvovirus, Protoparvovirus и Tetraparvovirus. Наиболее известным патогенным парвовирусом человека является вирус Primate erythroparvovirus 1, ранее называвшийся Human parvovirus B19, открытый в 1975 г. и относящийся к роду Erythroparvovirus. В данном об-зоре основное внимание уделено менее известным вирусам данного семейства. В структуре вирусных инфек-ций нижних дыхательных путей ведущее место занимают бокавирусы человека -Primate bocaparvovirus 1 и Primate bocaparvovirus 2, относящиеся к роду Bocaparvovirus. В 2005 г. у человека обнаружен вирус Primate tetraparvovirus 1, который относится к роду Tetraparvovirus. Клинически острые формы тетрапарвовирусной инфекции проявляются заболеваниями верхних и нижних дыхательных путей и пищеварительного тракта. Вирус обладает тератогенным действием. Представители рода Protoparvovirus вызывают заболевания пищева-рительного тракта. Описаны два вида, патогенные для человека: буфавирус человека (Primate protoparvovirus 1) был обнаружен в 2012 г., тузавирус (Primate protoparvovirus 2, Tusavirus 1) был выделен в 2014 г. Вид Rodent protoparvovirus 1, который объединяет вирусы преимущественно грызунов, имеет особое значение для тера-пии человека. Вирусы этого вида онкотропны, способны инфицировать широкий спектр раковых клеток че-ловека, обладают выраженными онколитическими свойствами и перспективны для лечения онкологических заболеваний. Вирус человека рода Dependoparvovirus, названный аденоассоциированным вирусом (Human adeno-associated viruses), был открыт при изучении препаратов аденовируса в 1965 г. Связь аденоассоцииро-ванного вируса человека с патологией человека неустановлена, однако вирус обладает способностью встраи-ваться в определенный локус 19 хромосомы человека и является перспективным кандидатом на роль вектора для лечения генетических заболеваний.

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Prevalence and genotypic characterization of human parvovirus B19 in children with hemato‐oncological disorders in North India

Jain

Prakash

Khan

et al. 2014

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) has been associated with chronic anemia in immuno-compromised patients. In the present study, the prevalence and genotype distribution of B19V in children from North India, suffering with hemato-oncological disorders is reported. Children with aplastic anemia/leukemia/chronic hematological disorders, and healthy blood donors were enrolled in the study. Blood samples from cases and blood donors were analyzed for anti-B19V IgM and anti-B19V IgG antibodies by ELISA and for B19V-DNA by PCR. B19V-DNA positive samples were studied further for determination of viral load in samples and for B19V-DNA sequence (VP1/VP2 overlapping region) analysis. Total 238 cases (103 leukemia, 77 aplastic anemia and 58 chronic hematological disorders) and 350 blood donors were enrolled in the study. Anti-B19V IgM was positive in 16 (6.7%) cases, B19V-DNA was detected in 13 (5.5%) cases and anti-B19V IgG was positive in 127 (53.4%) cases. Total 223 (63.5%) blood donors were positive for anti-B19V IgG, however, anti-B19V IgM and B19V-DNA was not detected in any blood donor. The prevalence of anti-B19V IgG was significantly higher in children > 10 years of age. Viral load of B19V decreased with appearance of specific antibodies. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1/VP2 overlapping region revealed that genotype 1 predominated in these patients (11/13, 84.6%), followed by genotype 3 (2/13, 15.4%). No genotype 2 was detected. All the genotype 1strains were sub-typed as 1a, except four strains, which matched neither 1a nor 1b and formed a separate cluster. Both the genotype 3 strains were sub-typed as 3b.

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Human Parvovirus 4 as Potential Cause of Encephalitis in Children, India

Cited by 50 publications

References 15 publications

Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

Frequency of human parvovirus 4 (PARV4) viremia among HBV-infected patients and healthy donors in Shiraz, Iran

Viruses of the Parvoviridae Family: Molecular Genetical Aspects of Reproduction and Medical Importance

Prevalence and genotypic characterization of human parvovirus B19 in children with hemato‐oncological disorders in North India

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