Human Papillomaviruses are Commonly Found in Normal Skin of Immunocompetent Hosts

Astori, Giuseppe; Lavergne, Donna; Benton, Claire; Höckmayr, Birgit; Egawa, Kiyofumi; Garbe, Claus; Villiers, Ethel Michele De

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00191.x

Cited by 180 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A high percentage of squamous cell carcinomas of the skin contains the same HPV types (Shamanin et al, 1996;Astori et al, 1998; although their copy number is far below one copy per tumor cell. This would be (Schlehofer et al, 1983;Schmitt et al, 1989;Heilbronn and zur Hausen, 1989).…”

Section: Mechanisms By Which Viruses Contribute To Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these isolates were hitherto unknown papillomavirus types, most frequently derived from the analysis of squamous cell carcinomas of the skin (SCC), from normal skin biopsies or from mucosal surfaces (Boxman et al, 1997;Astori et al, 1998;). It appears that many of these viruses do not cause overt disease and probably produce at best microlesions barely detectable without magnifying lenses.…”

Section: Do We Know All Human Tumors Linked To Virus Infections and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oncogenic DNA viruses

Hausen

2001

Oncogene

111

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Section: Mechanisms By Which Viruses Contribute To Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Do We Know All Human Tumors Linked To Virus Infections and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncogenic DNA viruses

Hausen

2001

Oncogene

111

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“…7 These HPV types are detectable in skin carcinomas, as well as in control specimens of healthy skin from the general population. [8][9][10][11][12] There are more than 100 different HPV types that have been completely sequenced. 7 In addition, there appears to exist about 100 additional putative HPV types, with sequence information so far available only from PCR amplimers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtype HPV38b[FA125] demonstrates heterogeneity of human papillomavirus type 38

Hazard

Eliasson

Dillner

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The human papillomaviruses (HPVs) exist as more than 100 distinct types. While variants of HPV are common, only few HPV subtypes have been reported. HPV type 38 has been proposed to be associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), with reported prevalences of up to 55%. A subtype of HPV38 was cloned, completely sequenced and found to have a 96% sequence similarity to prototype HPV38 in the L1 open reading frame. The presence of prototype HPV38 and HPV38b[FA125] was examined in paired biopsies of tape-stripped skin lesions and healthy skin from 269 immunocompetent patients by real-time PCR. Prototype HPV38 and HPV38b[FA125] were present in seven (3%) and five (2%) lesions, respectively, in viral loads ranging from one copy per 150 cells to one copy per 70,000 cells. In summary, we found that HPV38 is heterogeneous and is one of so far only few HPVs that contain subtypes. The heterogeneity needs to be considered in studies of the biology of this virus. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: HPV; subtype; nonmelanoma skin cancer; multiplyprimed rolling circle amplification Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most prevalent malignancies in the Caucasian population 1 and an increase in prevalence has been seen in European countries during the last few years. 2 NMSC comprises basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BCC has a relatively good prognosis, while SCC accounts for up to 20% of all deaths from skin cancer. 3 NMSC are often found on sun-exposed sites in patients with the rare inherited genetic disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). 4 These patients are highly susceptible to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections 5,6 mainly by the Beta-papillomaviruses, a phylogenetic subgroup of cutaneous HPVs (e.g., HPV5 and HPV8). 7 These HPV types are detectable in skin carcinomas, as well as in control specimens of healthy skin from the general population. [8][9][10][11][12] There are more than 100 different HPV types that have been completely sequenced. 7 In addition, there appears to exist about 100 additional putative HPV types, with sequence information so far available only from PCR amplimers. 8,[13][14][15][16] Variants of HPV types contain more than 98% sequence homology in the L1 open reading frame (ORF). 7 Variants is a common finding that appears to associate with ethnic groups and sometimes even with biologic behavior of the virus. 17,18 By contrast, subtypes containing 90-98% sequence homology in the L1 region are very rare, with HPV 68a/HPV68b, HPV46, HPV55 and HPV64 (now known to be subtypes, originally thought to be different viruses) being the only fully characterized examples. 7,17 Although the reasons for this are not known, existence of subtypes has profound implications for design of virus detection systems and for understanding of the biology of the viruses.Epidemiological studies have established a causal association between UV-radiation and NMSC, 3 but the role of HPV in these cancers remains to be elucidated.A recent study 19 has demonstrated that the early proteins E...

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“…Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare disease characterized by extensive symptomatic cutaneous infection with specific human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes including HPV 5,8,9,12,14,15,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25]46, 47, 50. 1 Two susceptibility loci for EV have been identified, EV1 on chromosome 17q, and EV2 on chromosome 2p.…”

Section: Epidermodysplasia Verruciformismentioning

confidence: 99%