Human oral drugs absorption is correlated to their in vitro uptake by brush border membrane vesicles

Bioavailable Citrus sinensis Extract: Polyphenolic Composition and Biological Activity

“…On average, flavonoids of Citrus sinensis juice extract were detected in the salivary phase at levels ranging from 75.1% to 99.2% of their native patterns, thus evidencing a good stability to the biochemical conditions in the mouth ( Table S1 ). It is well known that the oral mucosa can promote the bioavailability of a wide range of both polar and hydrophobic compounds that rapidly reach the blood circulation bypassing the GI system [ 21 ]. Moreover, since a large part of nutrients and non-nutrients are gastro-sensitive and/or poorly absorbed in the intestinal tract, the salivary extraction and the absorption through the oral mucosal epithelium would allow bioactive compounds to target specific tissues and organs without undergoing the potentially degrading effect of the GI digestion and/or being excreted in the feces [ 21 ].…”

Simulated gastrointestinal digestion, intestinal permeation and plasma protein interaction of white, green, and black tea polyphenols

“…It is well known that oral mucosa can promote bioavailability of a wide range of both polar and hydrophobic compounds that rapidly reach the blood circulation, by-passing the GI tract, and, recently, some authors have tried to clarify the molecular mechanisms at the base of this process (Oulianova, Cheng, Huebert, & Chen, 2007). Moreover, since a large part of nutrients and non-nutrients are gastro-sensitive and/or poorly absorbed by the intestinal tract, the salivary extraction and absorption via oral mucosal epithelium would allow bioactive compounds to target specific tissues and organs directly, without undergoing the potential degradation in the GI tract and/or excretion in the feces (Oulianova et al, 2007). Interestingly, it has been reported that procyanidins and condensed tannins are able to inhibit digestive enzymes, decreasing the bioaccessibility of food nutrients, thus, acting as antinutritional metabolites (Fraziera et al, 2010).…”

In vitro bioaccessibility, bioavailability and plasma protein interaction of polyphenols from Annurca apple (M. pumila Miller cv Annurca)

“…It is well known that the oral mucosa can promote the bioavailability of a wide range of both polar and hydrophobic compounds that rapidly reach the blood circulation by-passing the GI system (Oulianova, Cheng, Huebert, & Chen, 2007). Moreover, since a large part of nutrients and non-nutrients are gastro-sensitive and/or poorly absorbed in the intestinal tract, the salivary extraction and the absorption through the oral mucosal epithelium would allow bioactive compounds to target specific tissues and organs without undergoing the potentially degrading effect of the GI digestion and/or being excreted in the feces (Oulianova et al, 2007). Therefore, salivary digestion is to be considered as a key step in a simulated GI digestion model for the evaluation of the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of food components and drugs.…”