Human monocyte/macrophage adhesion, macrophage motility, and IL-4-induced foreign body giant cell formation on silane-modified surfacesin vitro

Abstract

A cytokine-based, in vitro model of foreign body giant cell (FBGC) formation was utilized to examine the effect of biomaterial surface chemistry on the adhesion, motility, and fusion of monocytes and macrophages. Human monocytes were cultured for 10 days on 14 different silane-modified glass surfaces, during which time the cells assumed the macrophage phenotype. The adhesion of monocytes and macrophages during the culture period decreased by an average of approximately 50%, with the majority of cell loss observed during days 1-3. Most important, the adhesion of monocytes and macrophages was surface independent except for two surfaces containing terminal methyl groups, which decreased adhesion levels. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were added to the medium to induce FBGC formation and enhance macrophage adhesion, respectively. Surprisingly, GM-CSF decreased long-term monocyte/macrophage adhesion. IL-4-induced FBGC density was strongly influenced by the surface carbon content, as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In contrast, contact angle and surface energy displayed no correlation with FBGC formation. The motility of adherent macrophages, as measured by time-lapse confocal microscopy, was not affected significantly by differences in surface chemistry or the addition of cytokines. The surface dependence of FBGC formation is hypothesized to be the result of varying levels of silane-derived surface carbon.

Interleukin-1 Receptor Type I Gene-Deficient Mice Are Less Susceptible toStaphylococcus epidermidisBiomaterial-Associated Infection than Are Wild-Type Mice

“…Apparently, IL-4 is associated with macrophage fusion and the onset of the foreign-body reaction in vivo. This confirms the relevance of similar data obtained by others in vitro (21,29,31,33,39). In addition, the enhanced (in comparison to in wild-type mice) production of IL-4 around SEpvp in our IL-1R Ϫ/Ϫ mice despite the high levels of IL-1␤ is concordant with similar results obtained in a leishmanias infection model (47) and suggests a role for IL-1 in the downregulation of IL-4 production in vivo in wild-type mice.…”

A macrophage/fibroblast co-culture system using a cell migration chamber to study inflammatory effects of biomaterials

“…It was observed in previous studies that there are two kinds of adherent macrophages on biomaterial surfaces defined as motile or stationary fraction [70]. Since the stationary cells have a limited movement and no large overall change in final position, only the motile macrophages were analyzed here.…”

Generation of cell adhesive substrates using peptide fluoralkyl surface modifiers

“…In order to design material surfaces that favour healing over chronic inflammation, studies have been conducted to elucidate what conditions stimulate monocyte adhesion and differentiation [34][35][36][37]. Two significant aspects of these investigations are of interest in the present study: modulation of cell phenotype by the substrate and adhesive ligand presentation.…”