Human mastadenovirus type 70: a novel, multiple recombinant species D mastadenovirus isolated from diarrhoeal faeces of a haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient

Abstract

A human mastadenovirus D (HAdV-D) isolated from diarrhoeal faeces of an allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipient was found to be non-typable by sequencing of loops 1 and 2 of the hexon main neutralization epitope ('imputed serology'). In contrast to HAdV-C, HAdV-D infections are rarely observed in SCT patients. Therefore, the whole genome of this isolate was sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. In addition, microneutralization testing with type-specific antisera was performed. A complete genomic sequence of 35.2 kb in length with a GC content of 57 % was obtained and found to be distantly related to HAdV-D27 (96.25 % identity). Imputed serology implicated a new type with a nucleotide sequence identity of only 96.11 % to HAdV-D37 (loop 1) and 95.76 % to HAdV-D30 and HAdV-D37 (loop 2). Microneutralization testing confirmed that this clinical isolate was not neutralized by HAdV-D37-or HAdV-D30-specific antisera. The penton base gene showed a novel sequence, which clustered with HAdV-D38, but bootscan analysis indicated an intra-penton recombination event with HAdV-D60. Another recombination event was detected within the early gene region E3 with the 12.2 kDa and CR1-a genes derived from HAdV-D58. Moreover, the E4 region was derived from HAdV-D13, but all these genes had evolved significantly from their ancestors. By contrast, the recombinant fibre gene was almost 100 % identical to HAdV-D29. In conclusion, the genomics of this novel HAdV, designated the HAdV-D70 [P70H70F29] prototype, supported the significance of multiple recombinations in the phylogeny of HAdV-D.

Molecular phylogeny of a novel human adenovirus type 8 strain causing a prolonged, multi-state keratoconjunctivitis epidemic in Germany

“…Complete genomic sequencing was performed from both cell culture isolates and DNA extracted directly from eye swabs as described previously118. Depending on the concentration of the input sample, library preparation was performed using either the Nextera or NexteraXT DNA Sample Prep Kits (Illumina, San Diego, CA) according to manufacturer’s protocol.…”

“…Human adenoviruses (HAdV), which comprise 70 types classified into seven species (A–G), are common pathogens causing respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and ocular diseases1. Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a severe inflammatory ocular disease affecting both the conjunctiva and the cornea2.…”

Structure of the Adenovirus Type 4 (Species E) E3-19K/HLA-A2 Complex Reveals Species-Specific Features in MHC Class I Recognition

“…Human adenoviruses (Ads) are common pathogens that comprise at least 70 types (Ad1-Ad70) classified into seven species (A–G) (1–3). Ads cause a variety of clinical symptoms involving the gastrointestinal, upper respiratory, and ocular systems (4).…”

Detection and Molecular Typing of Human Adenoviruses Associated with Respiratory Illnesses in Kerala

“…It was first isolated and characterized in 1953 during the search for the etiologic agents underlying acute respiratory infections (1,2). There are 7 species (A-G) of human adenovirus (HAdV), and 70 types have been classified on the basis of their serological and molecular characteristics to date (3,4). Adenovirus infects different systems of the body, producing clinical symptoms such as those for respiratory conditions, conjunctivitis, cystitis, gastrointestinal conditions, myocarditis, and very rarely, meningoencephalitis.…”