Human intestinal hydrolysis of phenol glycosides – a study with quercetin and p‐nitrophenol glycosides using ileostomy fluid

Abstract

In order to study the influence of sugar moiety, aglycon structure and microflora concentration on the human ileal hydrolysis of phenol glycosides, various quercetin and p-nitrophenol glycosides were incubated under anaerobic conditions (378C for 0, 0. IntroductionThe flavonol quercetin is one of the most prevalent and thoroughly studied dietary flavonoids. It is present in fruits, vegetables and beverages, mostly bound to one or more sugar molecules [1,2], and is regarded to exhibit chemopreventive properties [3][4][5][6]. The predominant type of glycoside varies among the plant species. For instance, onion contains predominantly quercetin glucosides, while in apple mainly galactosides, rhamnosides and arabinosides have been found [7,8]. Concerning the bioavailability of quercetin there is evidence from the literature that the sugar moiety is of importance [1,[9][10][11]. The first step in the metabolic pathway of quercetin is the hydrolysis of the sugar

α‐L‐Rhamnosyl‐β‐D‐glucosidase (Rutinosidase) from Aspergillus niger: Characterization and Synthetic Potential of a Novel Diglycosidase

“…[22] Rutinose-containing compounds are expected to have interesting pharmacological and medicinal applications. [7,8,23] It has been shown that rutinose-containing flavonoids are only absorbed in the intestines after hydrolysis of the rhamnose catalyzed by human gut microflora. [24] Rutinosidases that have been used so far were isolated from various microbial sources, often not properly determined taxonomically and/or not available from public collections.…”

“…Thus it appears that rutinose-capped compounds are resistant to hydrolysis in human tissues, which lack a-l-rhamnosidases. [7,8] As a consequence, rutinosylated glycoconjugates could provide novel biological activities and/or altered pharmacokinetic properties; for example, resorption of the rutinosides can only occur in the lower intestines (caecum) after cleavage of the glycosidic bond by rhamnosidase-producing human gut microflora. Rutinosylated compounds can also be used as food additives, ingredients in cosmetics and antiviral agents.…”

Preparation and characterization of shellac‐coated anthocyanin pectin beads as dietary colonic delivery system

“…In the in vitro and ex vivo model system applied here for studying release properties, the effect of the enzymatic activity of human intestinal microbiota on the formulations' degradation is checked using IF and CF. These media have previously been shown to represent a reliable model to mimic human intestinal metabolism [26,40]. Thus, to simulate the transit of human stomach, ileum and colon APB were incubated 3 h in SGF (pH 2.0), 4 h in IF (pH 6.3) and, finally, 15 h in CF (pH 6.2).…”

“…Therefore, beads were incubated 3 h in SGF (pH 2.0), 4 h in IF (pH 6.3) and, finally, 15 h in CF (pH 6.2). IF and CF have been shown to represent a reliable model to mimic human intestinal metabolism [26,40]. Incubation times were chosen according to transit times in the human GIT [41].…”

Reduced risk of colorectal cancer and regular consumption of apples: Hospital based case-control study in Poland

“…As it was shown in vitro studies, the latter phytochemicals can inhibit cancer onset by protecting tissues against free oxygen radicals and inhibiting cell proliferation [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”