Human herpesvirus 6 meningitis in an adult

Maniam, Ganesh; Wilkerson, Hannah; Milton, John

doi:10.1080/08998280.2020.1719784

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…HHV-6 meningoencephalitis is a rare cause of central nervous system (CNS) symptoms in the immunocompetent population [ 2 , 3 ]. While our patient had PCR-proven detection of HHV-6 in CNS fluid, there is some consideration regarding the diagnostic validity of this test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While our patient had PCR-proven detection of HHV-6 in CNS fluid, there is some consideration regarding the diagnostic validity of this test. PCR detection of viral DNA was 92% sensitive in the identification of primary infection [ 3 ]. Laboratory guidelines for the definitive diagnosis of HHV-6 infection with CNS involvement call for both positive viral identification in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood and IgM detection [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HHV-6 Meningoencephalitis in a Healthy Adult Female

Valentini

Chen

2023

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine

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Introduction. We describe the case of a 47-year-old female who presented to an academic tertiary emergency department with two to three days of worsening fever, headache, malaise, and rigors. A broad infectious workup revealed a diagnosis of Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) meningoencephalitis without any additional identifiable causes. HHV-6, the virus responsible for the childhood disease roseola, is a common cause of fever, seizures, diarrhea, and a characteristic faint-pink rash in children. Symptomatic HHV-6 infection in adults is far less common. We believe this represents one of only a few reported cases of HHV-6 meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent host. Case Report. A 47-year-old female presented to the emergency department with two to three days of fever, headache, malaise, and rigors. She had a noncontributory medical, surgical, and family history but had traveled extensively in northeast Africa six months prior. A physical exam was notable for a wide based gait, photophobia, mild nuchal rigidity, and pain with active range of motion of the neck. A broad infectious workup was pursued; however, given headache, fever, and subjective nuchal rigidity, the highest concern was for meningoencephalitis. A lumbar puncture was positive for HHV-6 without any other diagnostic findings to otherwise explain the patient’s symptoms. The patient was discharged on hospital day 3 with improving symptoms. Conclusion. HHV-6 meningoencephalitis has previously been described as a pathogen associated with individuals with immunosuppressive conditions. There have been several prior case reports of symptomatic meningoencephalitis in immune-competent individuals, and we believe this case adds to a growing body of evidence that HHV-6 meningoencephalitis can cause symptomatic infection in a broader patient population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HHV-6 Meningoencephalitis in a Healthy Adult Female

Valentini

Chen

2023

Case Reports in Emergency Medicine

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“…Herpes Simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) Herpes [46,47] Simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) [46,47] Epstein--Barr virus (EBV) [48] Human [63] Herpes type 6 virus (HHV-6) [49,64] Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) [65] Cytomegalovirus (CMV) [51] Herpes B virus [66] Herpesviruses are prevalent worldwide.…”

Section: Herpesvirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral meningitis and encephalitis: an update

Gundamraj

Hasbun

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewThe most common infectious etiologies of meningitis and encephalitis are viruses. In this review, we will discuss current epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of the most common causes of viral meningitis and encephalitis worldwide. Recent findingsViral meningitis and encephalitis are increasingly diagnosed as molecular diagnostic techniques and serologies have become more readily available worldwide but recent progress in novel antiviral therapies remains limited. Emerging and re-emerging viruses that have caused endemic or worldwide outbreaks or epidemics are arboviruses (e.g., West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis, Tick borne encephalitis, Dengue, Zika, Toscana), enteroviruses (e.g., Enterovirus 71, Enterovirus D68), Parechoviruses, respiratory viruses [e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza, metapneumoviruses, measles, mumps], and herpes viruses [e.g., herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, human herpes (HV) 6, varicella zoster virus (VZV)]. Future efforts should concentrate in increasing availability for those viruses with effective vaccination [e.g., Japanese encephalitis, Tick borne encephalitis, varicella zoster viruses, SARS-CoV-2, influenza], prompt initiation of those with encephalitis with treatable viruses (e.g., HSV-1, VZV), increasing the diagnostic yield by using novel techniques such as metagenomic sequencing and avoiding unnecessary antibiotics in those with viral meningitis or encephalitis.

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Human herpesvirus 6 meningitis in an adult

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

HHV-6 Meningoencephalitis in a Healthy Adult Female

HHV-6 Meningoencephalitis in a Healthy Adult Female

Viral meningitis and encephalitis: an update

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