Human Growth Hormone and Human Aging

Corpas, Emiliano; Harman, S. Mitchell; Blackman, Marc R.

doi:10.1210/edrv-14-1-20

Cited by 791 publications

(323 citation statements)

References 245 publications

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“…Low IGF-1 levels suggest decreased GH amounts. As a result of exogenous treatments of GH or GHRH in both young and old male subjects, IGF-1 levels in circulation were reported to increase in the same way (Corpas et al 1993). As the applications of probiotic, exercise, and partly food restriction in old group caused to increase IGF-1 levels in circulation in our study, these applications have been shown to exert GH-like effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

In case of obesity, longevity-related mechanisms lead to anti-inflammation

Kaya

Bayiroğlu

Mıs

et al. 2013

AGE

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The exact mechanisms which contribute to longevity have not been figured out yet. Our aim was to find out a common way for prompting longevity by bringing together the well-known applications such as food restriction, exercise, and probiotic supplementing in an experimental obesity model. Experimental obesity was promoted in a total of 32 young (2 months old) and 32 aged (16 months old) male Wistar albino rats through 8-week cafeteria diet (salami, chocolate, chips, and biscuits). Old and young animals were divided into groups each consisting of eight animals and also divided into four subgroups as obese control, obese food restriction, obese probiotic-fed and obese exercise groups. Probiotic group diet contained 0.05 %w/total diet inactive and lyophilized Lactobacillus casei str. Shirota. The exercise group was subjected to treadmill running 1 h/day, at 21 m/min and at an uphill incline of 15 % for 5 days a week. Food restriction group was formed by giving 40 % less food than the others. The control group was fed regular pellet feed ad libitum. This program was continued for 16 weeks. Blood samples from all the groups were analyzed for fasting glucose, insulin, IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, malondialdehyde (MDA), fT3, TT3, fT4, TT4, and liver tissue MDA levels were measured. All applications showed anti-inflammatory effects through the observed changes in the levels of IGFBP-3, IL-6, and IL-12 in the young and old obese rats. While the interventions normally contribute to longevity by recruiting different action mechanisms, anti-inflammatory effect is the only mode of action for all the applications in the obesity model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

In case of obesity, longevity-related mechanisms lead to anti-inflammation

Kaya

Bayiroğlu

Mıs

et al. 2013

AGE

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“…2) (5,28). Mean pulse amplitude, duration, and fraction of GH secreted, but not pulse frequency, gradually decrease during aging.…”

Section: Endocrinology Of Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean pulse amplitude, duration, and fraction of GH secreted, but not pulse frequency, gradually decrease during aging. In parallel, there is a progressive fall in circulating IGF-I levels in both sexes (28). There is no evidence for a "peripheral" factor in this process of "somatopause," and its triggering pacemaker seems mainly localized in the hypothalamus, because pituitary somatotrops, even of the oldest old, can be restored to their youthful secretory capacity during treatment with GH-releasing peptides.…”

Section: Endocrinology Of Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Endocrinology of Aging

Lamberts

Beld

Lely

1997

Science

869

402

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Most aging individuals die from atherosclerosis, cancer, or dementia; but in the oldest old, loss of muscle strength resulting in frailty is the limiting factor for an individual's chances of living an independent life until death. Three hormonal systems show decreasing circulating hormone concentrations during normal aging: (i) estrogen (in menopause) and testosterone (in andropause), (ii) dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate (in adrenopause), and (iii) the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis (in somatopause). Physical changes during aging have been considered physiologic, but there is evidence that some of these changes are related to this decline in hormonal activity. Hormone replacement strategies have been developed, but many of their aspects remain controversial, and increasing blood hormone levels in aging individuals to those found during mid-adult life has not been uniformly proven to be safe and of benefit.

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“…Many studies have shown that osteoblasts produce these proteins, and their production is regulated by many systemic and local factors [2,3,5,6]. IGF-I and TGF␤ stimulate cell replication, and ells of the osteoblastic lineage are among the most sensitive to their mitogenic activity [3].…”

Section: Growth Factors and Bone Remodellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevention or treatment of age‐related osteoporosis in the elderly by systemic recombinant growth factor therapy (rhIGF‐I or rhTGFβ): a perspective

Boonen¹,

Broos²,

Dequeker³

et al. 1997

Journal of Internal Medicine

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Boonen S, Broos P, Dequeker J, Bouillon R (Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, the Arthritis and Metabolic Bone Disease Research Unit, the Department of Traumatology and Emergency Surgery and the Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium). The prevention or treatment of age‐related osteoporosis in the elderly by systemic recombinant growth factor therapy (rhIGF‐I or rhTGFβ): a perspective (Review). J Intern Med 1997; 242: 285–90. Both insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) have powerful modulatory effects in a variety of tissues. A major target of action is the skeletal system, where they enhance bone formation and decrease matrix degradation, thus playing a part in the maintenance of bone mass. Because of the potent mitogenic effect of these agents on osteoblasts, recombinant IGF‐I (rhIGF‐I) and recombinant TGFβ (rhTGFβ) have potential as drugs to stimulate bone formation in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Using biochemical markers, subcutaneous rhIGF‐I therapy has been shown to increase bone turnover and bone formation in nonosteoporotic older people. However, a corresponding increase in bone mass has not yet been documented nor have there been reports yet on the effects of systemically administered rhTGFβ in humans. Further investigation is required to define the clinical potential of rhIGF‐I and rhTGFβ as therapeutic agents in age‐related osteoporosis.

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Human Growth Hormone and Human Aging

Cited by 791 publications

References 245 publications

In case of obesity, longevity-related mechanisms lead to anti-inflammation

In case of obesity, longevity-related mechanisms lead to anti-inflammation

The Endocrinology of Aging

The prevention or treatment of age‐related osteoporosis in the elderly by systemic recombinant growth factor therapy (rhIGF‐I or rhTGFβ): a perspective

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