Human Fibroblasts and 900 MHz Radiofrequency Radiation: Evaluation of DNA Damage after Exposure and Co-exposure to 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-Hydroxy-2(5h)-furanone (MX)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate DNA damage in human dermal fibroblasts from a healthy subject and from a subject affected by Turner's syndrome that were exposed for 24 h to radiofrequency (RF) radiation at 900 MHz. The RF-radiation exposure was carried out alone or in combination with 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), a well-known environmental mutagen and carcinogen produced during the chlorination of drinking water. Turner's syndrome fibroblasts were also exposed for a shorter time (1 h). A signal similar to that emitted by Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) mobile phones was used at a specific absorption rate of 1 W/kg under strictly controlled conditions of temperature and dosimetry. To evaluate DNA damage after RF-radiation exposure alone, the alkaline comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay were used. In the combined-exposure experiments, MX was given at a concentration of 25 microM for 1 h immediately after the RF-radiation exposure, and the effects were evaluated by the alkaline comet assay. The results revealed no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects from RF radiation alone in either cell line. As expected, MX treatment induced an increase in DNA migration in the comet assay, but no enhancement of the MX-induced DNA damage was observed in the cells exposed to RF radiation.

Pathophysiology of cell phone radiation: oxidative stress and carcinogenesis with focus on male reproductive system

“…Hook et al failed to find any significant effect of RF-EMW on Molt-4 T lymphoblastoid cells at various SAR [ 29 ]. Recent studies by Huang et al and Sannino et al on human fibroblast and Jurkat T-cells, respectively failed to show any significant genotoxic effects of RF-EMW [ 64 , 65 ]. Thus, DNA damage might depend upon the cell type as well as the experimental set up (duration of exposure, frequency of RF-EMW, specific absorbance rate, etc).…”

Effects of Early-Onset Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field Exposure (GSM 900 MHz) on Behavior and Memory in Rats

“…A number of studies of RF genotoxicity and effects on gene and protein expression have been carried out -including the recommended replication studies on heat shock protein (HSP) expression and phosphorylation (Hirose et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2006;Valbonesi et al, 2008;Vanderwaal et al, 2006) and on DNA damage using the comet assay -with mostly negative results (Sakuma et al, 2006;Sannino et al, 2009;Speit, Schütz & Hoffmann, 2007;Stronati et al, 2006;Valbonesi et al, 2008;Zhijian et al, 2009). Other studies await publication.…”

Cellular effects of ultrawideband ultrashort pulsed radiation and microwave radiation exposure

“…To evaluate DNA damage after RF-radiation exposure, the alkaline comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay were used. The results revealed no genotoxic and cytotoxic effects from RF radiation alone in either cell line [24].…”

“…No induction of micronuclei after microwave exposure was registered in the work [24]. DNA damage in human dermal fibroblasts from a healthy subject and from a subject affected by Turner's syndrome that were exposed for 24 h to RF radiation at 900 MHz.…”