Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing and Process Control

Spath, Dieter; Braun, Martin; Hagenmeyer, Lorenz

doi:10.1002/0470048204.ch61

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Setelah beristirahat pekerja tersebut kembali bekerja sehingga denyut jantung naik kembali. Pada grafik tersebut pekerja 7 me- (Spath, Braun, & Hagenmeyer, 2006). Suhu tubuh pekerja penggo-rengan meningkat sampai dengan waktu ke-2, yang dikarenakan suhu panas di area penggorengan.…”

Section: Penggorenganunclassified

Physical Workload of Corn Processing Workers in SME Sofia Malang City

et al. 2018

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Seluruh proses produksi pada UKM Sofia melibatkan kinerja manual manusia sehingga memiliki risiko cidera kerja tinggi. Tingkat beban kerja fisik yang dialami pekerja belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan tingkat beban kerja fisik pekerja pada UKM Sofia. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengukuran faktor fisiologis pekerja berupa denyut jantung (%HRR) dan konsumsi oksigen. Selain itu pengamatan terhadap suhu tubuh pekerja juga dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh kegiatan bekerja pekerja terhadap suhu tubuh. Denyut jantung pekerja diukur menggunakan finger pulse oxymeter dan suhu tubuh diukur menggunakan termometer telinga, dilakukan sebelum, selama, dan sesudah pekerja bekerja. Tujuh pekerja pada UKM Sofia dijadikan objek penelitian untuk mengukur beban kerja tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat beban kerja fisik berdasarkan nilai %HRR dan konsumsi oksigen (liter/menit) adalah perebusan 23% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 0,9 (berat), pencucian 1 31% (perlu perbaikan) 1,1 (berat), pencucian 2 31% (perlu perbaikan) 1,1 (berat), pengukusan 21% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 1,1 (berat), pendinginan 10% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 1,1 (berat), pemipihan dan penjemuran 15% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 0,9 (sedang), pengayakan 9% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 0,8 (sedang), dan penggorengan 16% (tidak terjadi kelelahan) 0,9 (sedang). Perbaikan sebaiknya dilakukan pada proses pencucian 1 dan 2 dikarenakan memiliki tingkat beban kerja fisik tertinggi. Kata kunci: beban kerja fisik, kelelahan kerja, konsumsi oksigen, perbaikan kerja, %HRR

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Section: Penggorenganunclassified

Physical Workload of Corn Processing Workers in SME Sofia Malang City

et al. 2018

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“…This can occur as working environment design, i.e. lighting, noise, mechanical vibrations, climate, harmful substance, and radiation are relevant factors to human factor (Spath et al, 2006). Facial temperature and head area temperature could increase on higher solar radiation, as solar radiation can present load and stress (Burton and Edholm, 1956).Significant correlation (p-value of correlation <0.05) also found between them.…”

Section: Assessment Of Workers' Body Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Closed environment of greenhouse means that the workers working inside are exposed to the environmental conditions. Therefore, climate, combinations of temperature, humidity, thermal radiation, and air movement is an important environmental factor at the workplace (Spath et al, 2006), including in the greenhouses. Moreover, there are many researches on tomato plants and illness from working in the greenhouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Workers’ Body Temperature and Workload in Tomato Production Greenhouse Work

Silalahi¹,

Ushada²,

Fallah³

et al. 2017

Agroindustrial J.

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Many workers work in the tomato production greenhouse in Japan, exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions during their work, especially in the summer season. In this study, workers’ body temperatures of internal, facial, and head area temperature were measured, so did the workers’ workload. They were related to environmental conditions of solar radiation and air temperature to clarify their relationships. Three workers in semi-commercial tomato production greenhouse were employed for this research. Jobs were classified into upper and lower canopy job, to examine the working condition in the greenhouse. Ear thermometer and thermal camera were used to measure worker’s body temperatures. Workload of the jobs was assessed and determined the level with Heart Rate Reserve (HRR). Workers’ heart rate itselves was measured using finger pulseoxymeter. Significant correlations were found between workers’ body temperature and environmental conditions. Worker’s workload could change on changing environmental conditions. Workload level of tomato production greenhouse job is considered low, as the job relatively does not require heavy physical work.

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“…With an increasing amount of automation of production processes in the energy sector, the transport sector (e.g., the automated communication between air traffic control and the cockpit), in chemical plants, refineries, the automotive or the food industry, to name only a few, the human operator's task is moving away from force-focused physical activities in favor of cognitive control activities such as monitoring and fault finding. • Appropriate training procedures for process control tasks need to be developed: Because process control systems are often highly complex (Spath et al, 2006), more value needs to be placed on operator qualifications. As stated in the introduction section, as process control tasks are characterized by high levels of system automation, most of the time automated control loops regulate the system and the operator's responsibility is to monitor the state of the system (Vicente & Rasmussen, 1990).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• The amount of process control tasks is growing in today's and future workplaces: Automated process control represents a type of task which increasingly enters the workplaces of many occupations in which the human operator was directly in control before. Process control is a method for quality assurance in industrial processes and high reliability organizations especially considering quality, risk, reliability, and safety (Spath, Braun, & Hagenmeyer, 2006). With an increasing amount of automation of production processes in the energy sector, the transport sector (e.g., the automated communication between air traffic control and the cockpit), in chemical plants, refineries, the automotive or the food industry, to name only a few, the human operator's task is moving away from force-focused physical activities in favor of cognitive control activities such as monitoring and fault finding.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Training for Temporal and Adaptive Transfer: A Comparative Evaluation of Three Training Methods for Process Control Tasks

Kluge

Sauer

Burkolter³

et al. 2010

Journal of Educational Computing Research

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Training in process control environments requires operators to be prepared for temporal and adaptive transfer of skill. Three training methods were compared with regard to their effectiveness in supporting transfer: Drill & Practice (D&P), Error Training (ET), and procedure-based and error heuristics training (PHT). Communication electronics trainees (N = 61) were tested twice (9 and 13 weeks after training). The D&P group outperformed the ET group with respect to temporal transfer. The expected benefits of PHT and ET for adaptive transfer were not found. The superiority of D&P demonstrates that cognitive tasks also need repeated practice for temporal transfer.

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Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing and Process Control

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Physical Workload of Corn Processing Workers in SME Sofia Malang City

Physical Workload of Corn Processing Workers in SME Sofia Malang City

Assessment of Workers’ Body Temperature and Workload in Tomato Production Greenhouse Work

Designing Training for Temporal and Adaptive Transfer: A Comparative Evaluation of Three Training Methods for Process Control Tasks

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