Human ES Cells and a Blastocyst from One Embryo: Exciting Science but Conflicting Ethics?

Johnson, Martin H.

doi:10.1016/j.stem.2008.01.021

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…hESC isolation requires human embryo destruction. For this reason, the use of hESCs is considered highly objectionable (Johnson, 2008). Indeed, in many countries, a ban on hESCs has negatively affected hESC research progress, as many governments around the world have not supported research funding.…”

Section: Stem Cells In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration and Repair

Iaquinta

Mazzoni

Bononi

et al. 2019

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

161

136

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The regeneration of bone fractures, resulting from trauma, osteoporosis or tumors, is a major problem in our super-aging society. Bone regeneration is one of the main topics of concern in regenerative medicine. In recent years, stem cells have been employed in regenerative medicine with interesting results due to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity. Moreover, stem cells are able to secrete bioactive molecules and regulate the behavior of other cells in different host tissues. Bone regeneration process may improve effectively and rapidly when stem cells are used. To this purpose, stem cells are often employed with biomaterials/scaffolds and growth factors to accelerate bone healing at the fracture site. Briefly, this review will describe bone structure and the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. In addition, the role of mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair/regrowth in the tissue engineering field and their recent progress in clinical applications will be discussed.

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Section: Stem Cells In Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration and Repair

Iaquinta

Mazzoni

Bononi

et al. 2019

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

161

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells have been the focus of cardiac regeneration studies because of their high pluripotency and the ability to stably proliferate in vitro into a large number of cells. However, their clinical applications are still under scrutiny, hindered by their tumorigenicity 62 and ethical issues associated with ESCs 63 . We used Muse cells at a low in vitro passage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiotrophic Growth Factor–Driven Induction of Human Muse Cells Into Cardiomyocyte-Like Phenotype

et al. 2018

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Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are endogenous nontumorigenic stem cells collectable as stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA-3) + from various organs including the bone marrow and are pluripotent-like. The potential of human bone marrow-derived Muse cells to commit to cardiac lineage cells was evaluated. We found that (1) initial treatment of Muse cells with 5′-azacytidine in suspension culture successfully accelerated demethylation of cardiac marker Nkx2.5 promoter; (2) then transferring the cells onto adherent culture and treatment with early cardiac differentiation factors including wingless-int (Wnt)-3a, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP)-2/4, and transforming growth factor (TGF) β1; and (3) further treatment with late cardiac differentiation cytokines including cardiotrophin-1 converted Muse cells into cardiomyocyte-like cells that expressed α-actinin and troponin-I with a striation-like pattern. MLC2a expression in the final step suggested differentiation of the cells into an atrial subtype. MLC2v, a marker for a mature ventricular subtype, was expressed when cells were treated with Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) and Noggin, inhibitors of Wnt3a and BMP-4, respectively, between steps (2) and (3). None of the steps included exogenous gene transfection, making induced cells feasible for future clinical application.

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“…Thus, the ratio of inner to outer cells critically depends on the relative numbers of each division type, which is affected by cell shape and cell-cell interactions [17]. A single blastomere-derived hESC line might be achieved by suppression of polarization or, upon polarization, by maximizing the number of differentiative divisions so that the ratio of nonpolar epiblasts to polar trophoblast cells is maximized [18]. Accordingly, we considered that the culture conditions might influence the cell shape and interactions that affect the division type upon blastomere polarization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines from single blastomeres of low-quality embryos by direct plating

Yang

Mai

et al. 2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To explore a simple method of establishing pluripotent human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines from single blastomeres of low-quality (LQ) embryos. Methods Blastomeres were isolated from normally fertilized, day-3 pre-implantation LQ embryos by dissolving of the zona pellucida and were then plated directly onto inactivated human foreskin fibroblasts. The subsequent culture was identical to that used to derive a hESC line from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst. The established hESC lines were passaged and characterized. Results Two hESC lines were produced by culturing the blastomeres individually in a hESC culture system (hESC-CS). Both of the hESC lines maintained a normal 46-chromosome XY karyotype, expressed stemness markers, and showed a pluripotent phenotype, including the ability to differentiate into all three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions The blastomeres of LQ embryos have a developmental capacity that necessitates prolonged culture. Plating of blastomeres from LQ embryos directly into the hESC-CS is a feasible method for deriving hESC lines.

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Human ES Cells and a Blastocyst from One Embryo: Exciting Science but Conflicting Ethics?

Abstract: In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Chung et al. (2008) remove a single blastomere to generate a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line without prejudicing the development of the biopsied embryo. Their method stimulates new ideas about hESC formation, but ethicopolitical concerns remain.

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Adult Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration and Repair

Adult Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration and Repair

Cardiotrophic Growth Factor–Driven Induction of Human Muse Cells Into Cardiomyocyte-Like Phenotype

Derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines from single blastomeres of low-quality embryos by direct plating

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