Human Dental Caries Experience Related to Age, Sex, Race, and Certain Salivary Properties

Everhart, Donald L.; Grigsby, William R.; Carter, Walter H.

doi:10.1177/00220345730520021001

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These results would imply that the IgA/ml is decreasing with age in this young sample. Everhart et al [1973] found that age and IgA/ml were not significantly correlated in their total sample. Thus young children may secrete higher concentrations of IgA than the adult population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Evaluation of Dental Caries Experience and Salivary IgA in Children Ages 3–7

Everhart¹,

Klapper²,

Carter³

et al. 1977

Caries Res

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Lehner et al [1967], Everhart et al [1972Everhart et al [ , 1973 and recently Orstavik and Brandtzaeg [1975] presented data that sub stantiates this possibility. In their studies, significant negative correlations of salivary IgA and caries were found in the teenage and young adult population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Dental Caries Experience and Salivary IgA in Children Ages 3–7

Everhart¹,

Klapper²,

Carter³

et al. 1977

Caries Res

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“…The mean salivary IgG levels in the present study were higher in Group I as compared to Group II; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. Lehner et al [10] and Everhart et al [24] reported that salivary IgG does not seem to play any role in prevention of dental caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maxillofacial Fractures in Owo, South Western Nigeria. A 4 Year Retrospective Review of Pattern and Treatment Outcome

Ok¹,

AO²

2012

Dentistry

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Background: Saliva is one of the most important factor in regulating oral health, with flow rate and composition changing throughout development and during disease. Saliva can affect incidence of dental caries in four general ways, firstly as a mechanical cleansing, secondly by reducing enamel solubility by means of calcium, phosphate and fluoride, thirdly by buffering and neutralizing the acids produced by cariogenic organisms and finally by anti-bacterial activity. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the levels of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), proteins, calcium, inorganic phosphorous and alkaline phosphatase levels in caries free and caries active children. Material and methods: Forty school children in the age group of 12-15 years with full complement of permanent dentition except third molars were included by stratified random sampling method. They were divided into two groups of 20 each based on DMFS score, Group I-Caries free (DMFS score=0) and Group II-Caries active (DMFS score ≥ 10). Unstimulated midmorning saliva samples were collected and analyzed colorimetrically and by radial immunodiffusion method for constituents of saliva under study. Results: The mean salivary IgA levels in children in Group-I (caries free children) was 10.63±2.85 mg/dl which was statistically higher as compared to caries active children in Group-II (8.50 ± 1.43 mg/dl). The mean salivary protein level in children of Group-II was statistically higher at 3.28 ± 0.12 mg/dl as compared to Group-I (2.89 ± 0.11 mg/dl). Conclusion: An inverse relationship was noticed between the salivary IgA levels and dental caries experience and higher salivary protein levels were associated with high caries experience whereas no significant difference was observed in levels of calcium, inorganic phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase and IgG in saliva samples of children with and without dental caries.

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“…The overwhelming majority of our subjects were Caucasians but the subjects in their study were mostly Hispanic. Several studies have observed not only differences in caries prevalence among people with diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds, but also variation in salivary protein composition (Everhart et al, 1973;Johnson, 2005;Zakhary et al, 2007;Sivakumar et al, 2009). However, no racial/ ethnic differences in AMP expression or genetic polymorphisms have yet been confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus mutans strains recovered from caries‐active or caries‐free individuals differ in sensitivity to host antimicrobial peptides

Phattarataratip

Olson

Broffitt

et al. 2011

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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SUMMARY Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are among the repertoire of host innate immune defenses. In the oral cavity, several AMPs are present in saliva and have antimicrobial activities against oral bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, a primary etiologic agent of dental caries. In this study, we hypothesized that unique S. mutans strains as determined by DNA fingerprinting from sixty 13 year-old subjects with or without caries experience would have different susceptibilities to α-defensins-1-3 (HNP-1-3), β-defensins-2-3 (HBD-2-3) and LL-37. The salivary levels of these peptides in subjects also were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). We found that S. mutans strains from caries-active subjects showed greater resistance to salivary HNP-1-2, HBD-2-3 and LL-37 at varying concentrations than those from caries-free subjects. In addition, combinations of these peptides increased their antimicrobial activity against S. mutans either additively or synergistically. The salivary levels of these peptides were highly variable among subjects with no correlation to host caries experience. However, the levels of a number of these peptides in saliva appeared to be positively correlated within an individual. Our findings suggest that the relative ability of S. mutans to resist host salivary AMPs may be considered a potential virulence factor for this species such that S. mutans strains that are more resistant to these peptides may have an ecological advantage to preferentially colonize within dental plaque and increase the risk of dental caries.

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Human Dental Caries Experience Related to Age, Sex, Race, and Certain Salivary Properties

Abstract: Saliva flow, protein concentration, and blood group substance concentration in the whole saliva of 106 persons were compared. Some of these variables then were compared with age, decayed surfaces, DMF surfaces, and immunoglobulin concentration (IgA and IgG).

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of Dental Caries Experience and Salivary IgA in Children Ages 3–7

Evaluation of Dental Caries Experience and Salivary IgA in Children Ages 3–7

Maxillofacial Fractures in Owo, South Western Nigeria. A 4 Year Retrospective Review of Pattern and Treatment Outcome

Streptococcus mutans strains recovered from caries‐active or caries‐free individuals differ in sensitivity to host antimicrobial peptides

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