Human death due to H5N1 amid the COVID-19 pandemic and Mpox outbreak: A call for action

Sah, Ranjit; Mohanty, Aroop; Rohilla, Ranjana; Mehta, Rachana; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Barboza, Joshuan J.; Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Padhi, Bijaya Kumar

doi:10.1097/js9.0000000000000157

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2024

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“…The HPAI subtypes virologically confirmed to have infected people are H5 and H7 viruses. HPAI H5N1 infections have been reported in >890 people, with approximately 50% case fatality [ 53 ]. HPAI H7N9 infections have been reported in China since 2016, with the case fatality proportion in hospitalized patients being ~40% [ 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probenecid Inhibits Influenza A(H5N1) and A(H7N9) Viruses In Vitro and in Mice

Murray,

Martin,

Hosking

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Avian influenza (AI) viruses cause infection in birds and humans. Several H5N1 and H7N9 variants are highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. H5N1 is a highly infectious bird virus infecting primarily poultry, but unlike other AIs, H5N1 also infects mammals and transmits to humans with a case fatality rate above 40%. Similarly, H7N9 can infect humans, with a case fatality rate of over 40%. Since 1996, there have been several HPAI outbreaks affecting humans, emphasizing the need for safe and effective antivirals. We show that probenecid potently inhibits H5N1 and H7N9 replication in prophylactically or therapeutically treated A549 cells and normal human broncho-epithelial (NHBE) cells, and H5N1 replication in VeroE6 cells and mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%