Human chorionic gonadotropin potentially affects pregnancy outcome in women with recurrent implantation failure by regulating the homing preference of regulatory T cells

Abstract

The results of this study provide novel evidence supporting a role of hCG in regulating the differentiation of peripheral FOXP3 Tregs. The alterations of circulating Tregs may positively affect the pregnancy outcomes of patients with a history of RIF.

Intrauterine infusion of human chorionic gonadotropin before embryo transfer in IVF/ET cycle: The critical review

“…72 suggesting hCG not only mediates the chemotaxis of Tregs, but also enhances its immunosuppressive function. 74 We further observed that the percentage of CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly increased following the stimulation of naïve CD4 + T cells with hCG than those without hCG. 73 Our previous study also found that the percentages of endometrial Foxp3 + Tregs and peripheral CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly lower in the women with recurrent implantation failure as compared with those of healthy controls, suggesting a lack of endometrial Tregs may be detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation.…”

“…73 Our previous study also found that the percentages of endometrial Foxp3 + Tregs and peripheral CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly lower in the women with recurrent implantation failure as compared with those of healthy controls, suggesting a lack of endometrial Tregs may be detrimental to endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. 74 We further observed that the percentage of CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly increased following the stimulation of naïve CD4 + T cells with hCG than those without hCG. 74 These evidences suggested that IUI-hCG might be a potential target therapy for patients with RPL and implantation failure lacking Tregs.…”

“…74 We further observed that the percentage of CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly increased following the stimulation of naïve CD4 + T cells with hCG than those without hCG. 74 These evidences suggested that IUI-hCG might be a potential target therapy for patients with RPL and implantation failure lacking Tregs.…”

“…This immunomodulatory role of hCG has been demonstrated in abortionprone mice model by restoring fetal resorption rates. 74 These evidences suggested that IUI-hCG might be a potential target therapy for patients with RPL and implantation failure lacking Tregs. 74 We further observed that the percentage of CCR4 + Foxp3 + Tregs were significantly increased following the stimulation of naïve CD4 + T cells with hCG than those without hCG.…”

The Role of HCG in Implantation: A Mini-Review of Molecular and Clinical Evidence

“…In a recent study, Schumacher et al used migration assays to demonstrate that regulatory T cells (Treg) were attracted by HCG-producing trophoblasts [29]. More importantly, HCG was recently reported to be involved in Treg differentiation [30]. In addition, HCG was found to adjust the T helper (Th) 1/T helper (Th) 2 balance, since HCG inhibited the development of Th1 autoimmune diabetes in a mouse model [31].…”