Hubungan Kecemasan dengan Nyeri Kepala Tipe Tegang pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya Angkatan 2013

Abstract

Nyeri kepala tipe tegang adalah nyeri kepala bilateral yang bersifat ringan hingga sedang, menekan, mengikat, disertai fotofobia atau fonofobia, tidak berdenyut, tidak dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas fisik, dan tidak terdapat mual atau muntah. Faktor risiko dari nyeri kepala tipe tegang bervariasi antara lain usia, jenis kelamin dan kecemasan. Mahasiswa kedokteran memiliki beban belajar yang cukup berat disertai kecemasan yang tinggi. Keadaan ini diduga memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian nyeri kepala tipe tegang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kecemasan dengan nyeri kepala tipe tegang pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel adalah semua mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya angkatan 2013 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety digunakan untuk mendiagnosis kecemasan dan nyeri kepala tipe tegang didapatkan melalui wawancara menggunakan kriteria diagnosis menurut International Headache Society. Data yang diperoleh disajikan dalam bentuk tabel kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Penelitian melibatkan 244 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Terdapat subjek perempuan sebanyak 69,3% dan subjek laki-laki sebanyak 30,7%. 151 (61,9%) mahasiswa mengalami kecemasan dan 104 (42,6%) mahasiswa mengalami nyeri kepala tipe tegang. Subjek yang menderita nyeri kepala tipe tegang sebanyak 48,3% mengalami kecemasan dan 33,3% tidak mengalami gangguan kecemasan. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara kecemasan dengan nyeri kepala tipe tegang (p=0,030). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kecemasan dengan nyeri kepala tipe tegang pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya angkatan 2013.

Holy Quran Recitation of Surah Al-Mulk and Al-Hasyr on Decreasing Anxiety in Medical Students

“…Most participants of this study had anxiety before receiving Quran recitation intervention (60%). This result was similar to study was performed by Wijaya, Sugiharto and Zulkarnain which found that 61.9% of medical students experience anxiety based on Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) (Wijaya et al, 2019). Nurrezki and Irawan also reported that 57.1% of medical students had anxiety based on Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) (Nurrezki & Irawan, 2020).…”

“…In this study, the proportion of male participants who had anxiety was greater (77.8%) than women (55.6%). This result was different with the study conducted by Wijaya, Sugiharto and Zulkarnain that the proportion of anxiety in medical students batch 2013 of Universitas Sriwijaya was more common in female students (65.7%) than male students (53.3%) (Wijaya et al, 2019). Apriady, Yanis and Yulistini also reported in their study that anxiety symptoms were mostly found in female students (50.81%) than male students (38.27%).…”

“…The difference of theory and previous study with this result was thought to be caused by imbalance in the number of male (9 students) and female (36 students) participants. Wijaya, Sugiharto and Zulkarnain stated in their study that there was no significant relationship between gender and anxiety (Wijaya et al, 2019).…”

“…Anxiety causes changes to the three body systems: cognitive, physical and behavioural (Rector et al, 2011). Most of medical students were reported to have anxiety and often associated with symptomatic disease (Ikhsan et al, 2020;Wijaya et al, 2019). Generally, anxiety among medical students was caused by interpersonal problems, high academic pressure, sleep deprivation, low self-evaluation, and lack of social support (Mao et al, 2019).…”

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Students in the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga Year Batch 2016, 2017, and 2018

“…Research in various countries about medical students revealed that there were more female medical students than male students with different ratios 13,14,15,16,17 . Female naturally have a caring and friendly attitude so they can communicate better with patients.…”