Hubungan Jarak, Durasi Dan Posisi Penggunaan Smartphone Dengan Kejadian Astenopia Pada Mahasiswa S1 Keperawatan Semester Viii Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Abstract

Abstrak
 Penggunaan smartphone merupakan salah satu penyebab astenopia yang ditandai dengan ketegangan mata, rasa tidak nyaman, iritasi, sakit kepala dan rasa panas pada mata. Penggunaan smartphone yang tidak tepat seperti jarak yang dekat, durasi lama dan posisi yang salah dapat menyebabkan terjadinya astenopia. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jarak, durasi dan posisi penggunaan smartphone dengan astenopia pada mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Keperawatan semester VIII Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini merupakan seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Keperawatan semester VIII Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai dengan jumlah sampel 123 mahasiswa diambil dengan teknik Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan penggaris. Analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan chi square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar responden menggunakan smartphone dengan jarak kurang baik (70,7%), durasi yang kurang baik (81,3%), posisi tidak benar (77,2%) dan sebanyak 65,9% mahasiswa mengalami astenopia. Terdapat hubungan antara jarak (p-value: 0,001), durasi (p-value: 0,001) dan posisi (p-value: 0,002) penggunaan smartphone dengan kelelahan mata (astenopia) pada mahasiswa Program Studi S1 Keperawatan semester VIII Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai. Diharapkan bagi mahasiswa Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai agar dapat menggunakan smartphone dengan jarak dan durasi serta posisi yang benar yaitu dengan posisi duduk agar dapat menjaga kesehatan mata agar terhindar dari astenopia. 
 Kata Kunci : Astenopia, Durasi, Jarak, Mahasiswa, Posisi, Smartphone
 
 Abstract
 
 Smartphone use is one of the causes of asthenopia which is characterized by eye strain, discomfort, irritation, headache and burning sensation in the eyes. Improper use of smartphones such as short distance, long duration and wrong position can cause asthenopia. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between distance, duration and position of smartphone use with asthenopia in students of the VIII semester VIII Nursing Undergraduate Program at Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai University. This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional design. The population of this study was all students of the VIII semester VIII Nursing Undergraduate Study Program at Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai University with a total sample of 123 students taken using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique. Data collection tools using a questionnaire and a ruler. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis with chi square. The results showed that most of the respondents used smartphones with poor distance (70.7%), poor duration (81.3%), incorrect position (77.2%) and as many as 65.9% of students experienced asthenopia. There is a relationship between distance (p-value: 0.001), duration (p-value: 0.001) and position (p-value: 0.002) smartphone use with asthenopia in students of the VIII semester VIII Nursing Undergraduate Study Program at Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai University. It is expected that the students of Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai can use smartphones with a good distance, good duration, and in the correct position, namely in a sitting position in order to maintain eye health to avoid asthenopia.
 
 Keywords : Asthenopia, Duration, Distance, Student, Position, Smartphone

The Impact of Using Gadgets and Social Media

“…Regarding the duration of social media use, a study conducted on 93 students found that 64.5% of students had social media usage duration of more than 5 hours per day and had a severe insomnia incidence of 35.5%. In addition, this study also conducted a bivariate analysis between the duration of social media use and the incidence of insomnia, it was found that there was a relationship between the two variables with a p-value of 0.002 (Fernando and Hidayat 2020). Similar results were also obtained in another study that cell phone use more than 5 hours per day was associated with shorter sleep duration and the incidence of insomnia (Tamura et al 2017).…”

Sleep Quality Analysis of Vestibular Vertigo Patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Islamic Hospital Polyclinic

“…Melatonin levels may not only play a role in the pathophysiology of vertigo, but may also predispose people to waking up from Rapid Eye Movement sleep with headaches. Overall, the above research and theories show a two-way relationship between sleep quality disorders and vertigo (Chattu et al, 2019;Harnod et al, 2015;Hidayat, 2020;Hirshkowitz et al, 2015;Holland et al, 2018).…”

“…A person who has sleep quality problems will deal with a number of problems, including poor performance in college, irritation, psychological problems and health problems. Poor sleep quality can also cause time management irregularities, impaired concentration and decreased quality of life (Hidayat, 2020).…”

“…The relationship of vertigo with insomnia can be caused through several mechanisms, namely, the mechanism of the impact of insomnia on headaches. Previous research has shown that sleep deprivation can increase pain (Chattu et al, 2019;Harnod et al, 2015;Hidayat, 2020;Hirshkowitz et al, 2015;Holland et al, 2018). Then the mechanism of the impact of headaches on sleep, where chronic pain can cause changes in neuronal activity in raphe magnus, which can disrupt sleep cycles.…”