Hubungan antara total asupan energi dan komponen makrontrien dengan penambahan berat badan ibu hamil di Kecamatan Pedurungan Kota Semarang

Abstract

Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is physiological change in pregnancy. Inadequate gestational weight gain (IGWG) and excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) can pose a risk of complication such as gestational hypertention, low birth weight, giant baby, and premature birth. Food intake (energy and macronutrient) play important role in providing pregnancy needs such as fetal and placental growth, and also play role in fat accumulation in some part of mother’s body. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the relationship between energy intake and macronutrient and gestational weight gain of pregnant woman and to know the consumption of food groups.Methods: This study was quantitative study using cohort prospective approach. 73 healthy pregnant women with normal body fat mass who met inclusion and exclusion criteria was weighed twice in a period of 8 weeks. 24 hours food recall in 2 unsecutive days was done between those times. The instruments used for this study were weight scale, stadiometer, and questionnaire. Nutritional analysis used Nutrisurvey and statistic analysis used Chi Square test.Result: There was a relationship between total energy intake and gestational weight gain ( p = 0.031) and there was no relationship between macronutrient component intake (carbohydrate, fat, and protein) and gestational weight gain (p = 0.175, p = 0.97, and p = 0.089 respectively). Respondent characteristic that has corelation with GWG is number of pregnancy. Most pregnant woman experienced EGWG (56.2%) and their food consumption not fulfilled the balance nutrient recommendation guidelines especially less in vegetables and fruits consumption.Conclusion:There is a significant corelation between energy intake and GWG.

Determinants of Intrauterine Growth Restriction (Iugr) in Labouring Mothers at Regional General Hospital in Karawang, West Java

“…Lack of weight gain in the second trimester strongly correlates with decreased birth weight. Poor nutritional status in pregnant women will cause the risk of IUGR in their fetuses to be 2-3 times greater than mothers who have good nutritional status (Astuti et al, 2020;Cetin et al, 2013;Tesfa et al, 2020).…”

Hubungan Asupan Energi dan Makronutrien dengan IMT Pegawai di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kabupaten Aceh Barat

“…Asupan gizi berkontribusi terhadap gizi seseorang dengan memastikan zat gizi terpenuhi setiap hari agar tubuh dapat menjalankan fungsi fisiologis seperti meningkatkan imunitas dan menghasilkan energi untuk beraktivitas (6). Asupan energi yang harus dipenuhi seseorang berasal dari makronutrien yaitu karbohidrat, protein dan lemak yang disesuaikan dengan pedoman gizi seimbang sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing individu (7,8) Gaya hidup sedentary yang kini terjadi di berbagai kalangan masyarakat mempengaruhi pola asupan makan seperti, konsumsi fast food yang lebih disukai karna dianggap praktis, makanan dan minuman dengan kandungan gula yang tinggi, makanan berlemak dan kurang konsumsi buah serta sayuran (9,10). Sedentary lifestyle dapat dijumpai pada profesi pegawai dan berdasarkan RISKESDAS tahun 2018 masyarakat dengan profesi pegawai mengalami obesitas yaitu 33,7% dan prevalensi obesitas di provinsi Aceh 24,4% masuk ke dalam 10 provinsi yang melebihi persentase nasional 21,8% (11).…”

“…Energi yang diperoleh ini dapat berasal dari bahan-bahan makanan yang mengandung zat gizi makro seperti karbohidrat, protein dan lemak. (8,16) Kelebihan total energi tubuh dan tidak digunakan akan disimpan menjadi cadangan energi dalam bentuk lemak di dalam tubuh yang berakibat terjadi kelebihan berat badan (13).…”