HPV infection as a risk factor for atherosclerosis: A connecting hypothesis

Reis, Daniel Ruan Alves; Medeiros‐Fonseca, Beatriz; Costa, Jadna M. Pereira; Neto, Clariano Pires de Oliveira; Costa, Rui M. Gil da; Oliveira, Paula A.; Medeiros, Rui; Bastos, Margarida; Brito, Haissa Oliveira; Brito, Luciane Maria Oliveira

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109979

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…There are few studies on the relationship between hyperlipidemia and HPV infection. However, Reis 36 stated a hypothesis and verified infection with high‐risk HPV was associated with the development of atheroma and coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis is related to hyperlipidemia, and there may be some unknown associations between high‐risk HPV infection and hyperlipidemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and analysis of potential risk factors of high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shanghai China: A cross‐sectional one‐year study in non‐vaccinated women

Niu

Pan

Wei

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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Data regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence, its associated risk factors, and women's knowledge about this disease before the HPV vaccine was approved are limited in Shanghai, China. Therefore, we investigated these questions among females in Shanghai and aimed to provide comprehensive data to guide HPV vaccination and present the biopsychosocial risk factors that impact high-risk HPV infection, and evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of this disease among women aged

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and analysis of potential risk factors of high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shanghai China: A cross‐sectional one‐year study in non‐vaccinated women

Niu

Pan

Wei

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Some suggested lower risk of CVD among patients with positive tumor HPV than those negative, others only determined increased risk of CVD among oncogenic HPV‐infected women, but not among nononcogenic HPV‐infected women 15,54 . It is possible that HPV high‐risk type, rather than low‐risk type, would lead to profound systemic inflammation, exhibiting substantial oncogenic and cardiovascular impact 55,56 . Unfortunately, we were not able to single out high‐risk HPV types, which might lead to attenuated effect estimates of HPV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…15,54 It is possible that HPV high-risk type, rather than low-risk type, would lead to profound systemic inflammation, exhibiting substantial oncogenic and cardiovascular impact. 55,56 Unfortunately, we were not able to single out high-risk HPV types, which might lead to attenuated effect estimates of HPV infection. Our study extracted three primary types of chronic viral infection to assess their linkage with CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between chronic viral infection‐related hospitalization and risk of cardiovascular disease: A population‐based cohort study

Yang,

Lu,

Bian

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Chronic viral infection induces immunosenescence and systemic low‐grade inflammation, leading to worsened long‐term outcomes. We sought to explore the short‐ and long‐term effects of chronic viral infection on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Based on UK Biobank data, exposed group was identified as individuals who had chronic virus infection‐related hospitalization (IRH). Unexposed group was randomly selected, matched by 5‐year age interval, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index at a ratio up to 1:10. Restricted cubic splines were used to model time‐varying effects of IRH in nonproportional Cox models. A cut‐off value of 5 years was recorded and used in piecewise Cox proportional hazards models as we estimated short‐ and long‐term effects of IRH on CVD. A total of 2826 exposed participants and 28 212 matched unexposed participants were included. Chronic viral IRH was associated with increased risk of CVD (0–5 years: hazard ratio, 1.57 [95% confidence interval: 1.32, 1.87] and 5+ years: 1.31 [1.06, 1.61]). Elevated risk of stroke was only observed within the initial 5‐year follow‐up (0–5 years: 1.91 [1.30, 2.81]). The short‐ and long‐term associations were observed in herpes or hepatitis virus IRH with risk of CVD (all p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed long‐term association between chronic viral IRH and CVD among female (5+ years: 1.68 [1.27, 2.22]) but not among male. The association between chronic viral infection and elevated CVD risk appeared to be stronger among individuals who did not take cholesterol‐lowering medication, antithrombotic medication, or certain antihypertensive medications (all p for interaction < 0.05). The risk of CVD event remained persistently higher within and over 5 years following chronic viral IRH, especially in individuals infected with herpes and hepatitis virus.

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“…The mechanism remains unclear, but it was proposed that the systemic inflammation induced by HPV could promote atherosclerosis lesions. The pro-inflammatory effects of HPV and the release of extracellular vesicles by HPV-transformed cells are well documented in the scientific literature [ 24 ]. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on U.S. women indicate a strong association between the presence of HPV DNA on vaginal swab and a prior history of myocardial infarction or stroke [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Method for Producing oxLDL: Characterization of Their Effects on HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer Cells

Scalia

Kindt

Trelcat

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancers are the two main causes of death worldwide. The initiation and progression of atherosclerosis is, in large part, caused by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL); interestingly, oxLDL may also play a role in cancer cell metabolism and migration. As oxLDL are generally obtained by tedious ultracentrifugation procedures, “home-made” oxLDL were obtained by (i) applying a purification kit to isolate LDL and VLDL from human plasma; (ii) isolating LDL from VLDL by gel permeation chromatography (GPC); and (iii) oxidating LDL through CuSO4 incubation. On three HPV-positive head and neck cancer cells (HNCC) (93VU-147T, UM-SCC47, and UPCI-SCC154), cell migration was assessed using Boyden chambers, the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway was analyzed by Western Blotting, and the expression of two oxLDL receptors, LOX-1 and CD36, in response to oxLDL exposure, was analysed by immunofluorescence. Our data indicate: (a) a non-significant difference between reference and “home-made” oxLDL; (b) a decreased migration, parallel to an inhibition of the ß-catenin pathway; and (c) an increase of CD36 and LOX-1 expression in all HNCC. In conclusion, we successfully produced oxLDL. Our results demonstrate a decrease in HNCC migration after oxLDL exposure, and an increased expression of LOX-1 and CD36 associated with lipid uptake.

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HPV infection as a risk factor for atherosclerosis: A connecting hypothesis

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Epidemiology and analysis of potential risk factors of high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shanghai China: A cross‐sectional one‐year study in non‐vaccinated women

Epidemiology and analysis of potential risk factors of high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in Shanghai China: A cross‐sectional one‐year study in non‐vaccinated women

Association between chronic viral infection‐related hospitalization and risk of cardiovascular disease: A population‐based cohort study

Development of a Method for Producing oxLDL: Characterization of Their Effects on HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer Cells

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