HPLC quantification of major active components from 11 different saffron (Crocus sativus L.) sources

Caballero-Ortega, Heriberto; Pereda‐Miranda, Rogelio; Abdullaev, Fikrat I.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.020

Cited by 206 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Secondary metabolites extraction was performed on dried (16 h) stigmas according to [22] method. 50 mg of dried stigmas were powdered with liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Secondary Metabolite Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these reasons, international standards [20] were framed to scientifically determine saffron quality, to find out spice fraudulent alterations and for its valorization. According to these conventions, spectrophotometric and chromatographic investigations are able to determine spice color, taste and aroma [21][22][23]. Object of this work has been the identification of Civitaretenga (AQ, Central Italy) C. sativus biochemical components and the quality classification of the saffron …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)

Gismondi¹,

Serio²,

Canuti³

et al. 2012

AJPS

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Saffron, the most expensive spice in the world, is got by Crocus sativus L. stigmas. The production of this substance has attracted human interest, since ancient cultures, for its medicinal and culinary properties. Because of saffron high economic value, sometimes, since Middle Ages, it is adulterated with other vegetal materials, dyes or synthetic molecules. Object of this work was the study of one of the best world saffron: Civitaretenga (AQ, Central Italy) C. sativus. Taste, color and aroma of Civitaretenga spice were determined, according to international standards (ISO/Technical Specification 3632), to define its high quality. A biochemical approach was then applied to obtain a secondary metabolite profile of this product. So, crocins, total phenolic content, flavonoids and phenolic acids were detected by HPLC-DAD and spectrophotometric analysis. Moreover, in vitro antioxidant properties and in vivo antineoplastic effects, on highly metastatic murine B16-F10 melanoma cell line, were successfully revealed in Civitaretenga C. sativus extract. All these data confirmed the elevated quality of Civitaretenga saffron and its highly reducing and chemopreventive activity.

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“…Secondary metabolites extraction was performed on dried (16 h) stigmas according to [22] method. 50 mg of dried stigmas were powdered with liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Secondary Metabolite Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)

Gismondi¹,

Serio²,

Canuti³

et al. 2012

AJPS

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“…Saffron, the dried stigmas of Crocus sativus flowers, has been identified as a spice with * Corresponding author. Email: javid06@gmail.com beneficial traits (Caballero-Ortega et al 2007) and is being utilized for the treatment of numerous illnesses due to its analgesic and sedative properties (Locock 1995), e.g. anticonvulsant (Hosseinzadeh et al 2004) and anti-depressant (Hosseinzadeh & Khosravan 2002), and in treatment of psoriasis (Hamid et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts ofCrocus sativusL.c.v. Kashmirianus

Parray

Kamili

Hamid

et al. 2014

Frontiers in Life Science

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In this study, we investigated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Crocus sativus L. Kashmirianus c.v. extracts (callus and stigmas). Profuse callus was obtained on MS medium enriched with BAP (20 µM) + NAA(15 µM) under in vitro conditions from corm slices. Four pathogenic bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus CD0001, Escherichia coli CD0006, Pseudomonas aeruginosa CD0023 and Shigella flexneri CD0033) were used for determining the antibacterial activity of extracts. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH assay, DNA protection assay, FTC method, TBA assay and lipid peroxidation assay. The methanol stigma extract of saffron was found to be more effective in inhibiting all the pathogenic strains. The stigma extract also showed significant radical scavenging or chelation capacities in four of the methods; however, callus extract exhibited maximum inhibition of peroxy-radicals in lipid peroxidation assay. The protocol for callus production is described. It was concluded that as well as the specific parts of plants displaying diverse pharmacological activities, callus produced under in vitro conditions will assist in enhancing the production of secondary metabolites, which will reduce the pressure on natural saffron.Keywords: antioxidant activity; callus; in vitro culture; MIC; methanol; saffron; stigma Abbreviations: BAP = 6-benzyl adenine purine BHT = butylated hydroxyl toluene FTC = ferric thiocyanate MIC = minimum inhibitory concentration NAA = naphthalene acetic acid TBA = thiobarbituric acid.

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“…1A) (2). The proposed biosynthetic pathway (3,4) starts through the symmetric cleavage of zeaxanthin at the 7,8/7′,8′ positions by a nonheme iron carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase catalyzes the first dedicated step in saffron crocin biosynthesis

Frusciante

Diretto²,

Bruno

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

243

286

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Crocus sativus stigmas are the source of the saffron spice and accumulate the apocarotenoids crocetin, crocins, picrocrocin, and safranal, responsible for its color, taste, and aroma. Through deep transcriptome sequencing, we identified a novel dioxygenase, carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2 (CCD2), expressed early during stigma development and closely related to, but distinct from, the CCD1 dioxygenase family. CCD2 is the only identified member of a novel CCD clade, presents the structural features of a bona fide CCD, and is able to cleave zeaxanthin, the presumed precursor of saffron apocarotenoids, both in Escherichia coli and in maize endosperm. The cleavage products, identified through high-resolution mass spectrometry and comigration with authentic standards, are crocetin dialdehyde and crocetin, respectively. In vitro assays show that CCD2 cleaves sequentially the 7,8 and 7′,8′ double bonds adjacent to a 3-OH-β-ionone ring and that the conversion of zeaxanthin to crocetin dialdehyde proceeds via the C 30 intermediate 3-OH-β-apo-8′-carotenal. In contrast, zeaxanthin cleavage dioxygenase (ZCD), an enzyme previously claimed to mediate crocetin formation, did not cleave zeaxanthin or 3-OH-β-apo-8′-carotenal in the test systems used. Sequence comparison and structure prediction suggest that ZCD is an N-truncated CCD4 form, lacking one blade of the β-propeller structure conserved in all CCDs. These results constitute strong evidence that CCD2 catalyzes the first dedicated step in crocin biosynthesis. Similar to CCD1, CCD2 has a cytoplasmic localization, suggesting that it may cleave carotenoids localized in the chromoplast outer envelope.β-citraurin | symmetric carotenoid cleavage

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HPLC quantification of major active components from 11 different saffron (Crocus sativus L.) sources

Cited by 206 publications

References 22 publications

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)

Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts ofCrocus sativusL.c.v. Kashmirianus

Novel carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase catalyzes the first dedicated step in saffron crocin biosynthesis

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HPLC quantification of major active components from 11 different saffron (Crocus sativus L.) sources

Cited by 206 publications

References 22 publications

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (&lt;i&gt;Crocus sativus L&lt;/i&gt;.)

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (&lt;i&gt;Crocus sativus L&lt;/i&gt;.)

Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts ofCrocus sativusL.c.v. Kashmirianus

Novel carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase catalyzes the first dedicated step in saffron crocin biosynthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)

Biochemical, Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties of Italian Saffron (<i>Crocus sativus L</i>.)