HPLC profiling, antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of Syzygium jambos available in Bangladesh

Abstract

BackgroundSyzygium jambos has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in Bangladesh. The study investigates the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiling of phenolic compounds, and evaluates the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract of S. jambos available in Bangladesh.MethodsThe extract was subjected to HPLC for the identification and quantification of the major bioactive polyphenols present in S. jambos. Antioxidant activity was determined using 2, 2′-azino bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging, reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid content. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract in rats for two different test models: carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema was inspected.ResultsHigh levels of catechin hydrate and rutin hydrate (99.00 and 79.20 mg/100 g extract, respectively) and moderate amounts of ellagic acid and quercetin (59.40 and 69.30 mg/100 g extract, respectively) were quantified in HPLC. Catechin hydrate from this plant extract was determined for the first time through HPLC. For ABTS scavenging assay, the median inhibition concentration (IC50) value of S. jambos was 57.80 µg/ml, which was significant to that of ascorbic acid (12.01 µg/ml). The maximum absorbance for reducing power assay was found to be 0.4934. The total antioxidant capacity, phenolic and flavonoid contents were calculated to be 628.50 mg/g of ascorbic acid, 230.82 mg/g of gallic acid and 11.84 mg/g of quercetin equivalent, respectively. At a dose of 400 mg/kg, a significant acute anti-inflammatory activity (P < 0.01) was observed in rats for both the test models with a reduction in the paw volume of 58.04 and 53.95 %, in comparison to those of indomethacin (62.94 and 65.79 %), respectively.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the phenolic and flavonoid compounds are responsible for acute anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of S. jambos.

Protective Effects of a Polyphenol‐Rich Extract from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Leaf on Oxidative Stress‐Induced Diabetic Rats

“…For ABTS •+ assay, the standards showed a stronger antioxidant activity when compared to PESc. Despite this, as far as we know, PESc showed the lowest IC 50 against ABTS •+ for a S. cumini extract described thus far [ 39 , 40 ]. ABTS •+ is reactive through both hydrophilic and hydrophobic radicals while DPPH • assay is performed in organic solvents where hydrophobic radicals reduce the radical [ 41 ].…”

Electrically Voltage Profile of the Study Samples of an Aqueous Extract of Syzygium jambolanum

“…When compared with the control tube, the tubes in which the extract was exposed to light in contact conditions and absence with oxygen, we observed that the extract components are photosensitive, as well as sensitive to oxygen content. These results may explain the antioxidant effect of the extract reported by [13].…”

Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. prevents hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in CCl4-induced ovariectomized rats

“…The phenolic composition of the ethanol extract of T. dioica peel extract was determined by Dionex UltiMate 3000 HPLC system (Thermo Scientific, equipped with PDA (DAD-3000RS)), as described previously [15,16].…”