HPLC-FRAP methodology and biological activities of different stem bark extracts of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp

et al. 2021

IJMS

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This study focused on the biological evaluation and chemical characterization of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f. Different solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts) were prepared. The phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity were investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed using VERO, FaDu, HeLa and RKO cells. The antiviral activity was carried out against HSV-1 (Herpes simplex virus 1) propagated in VERO cell line. The aqueous extract, possessing high phenolic content (170.50 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract), showed the highest reducing capacity (613.27 and 364.10 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, for cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power, respectively), radical scavenging potential (469.82 mg Trolox equivalent/g extract, against 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)), metal chelating ability (52.39 mg ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid equivalent/g extract) and total antioxidant capacity (3.15 mmol Trolox equivalent/g extract). Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) alloved to tentatively identify a total of 56 compounds in the extracts, including ellagitannins, gallic acid and galloyl derivatives amongst others. The ethyl acetate extracts substantially depressed cholinesterase enzymes (4.49 and 12.26 mg galantamine equivalent/g extract against AChE and BChE, respectively) and α-amylase enzyme (1.04 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract). On the other hand, the methanolic extract inhibited tyrosinase (121.42 mg kojic acid equivalent/g extract) and α-glucosidase (2.39 mmol acarbose equivalent/g extract) activities. The highest selectivity towards all cancer cell lines (SI 4.5–10.8) was observed with aqueous extract with the FaDu cells being the most sensitive (CC50 40.22 µg/mL). It can be concluded that the presence of certain bioactive antiviral molecules may be related to the high anti HSV-1 activity of the methanolic extract. This work has generated vital scientific data on this medicinal plant, which is a prospective candidate for the creation of innovative phyto-pharmaceuticals.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Other Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis, Cytotoxic, Antiviral, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Four Extracts of Geranium pyrenaicum Burm. f.: A Good Gift from the Natural Treasure

Świątek

Sieniawska

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Briefly, the material (5 g) was kept in boiled water (100 ml) for 15 min, then the extract was filtered and lyophilized. Obtained dry extracts were stored at 4°C (Etienne et al, 2021;Sinan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Plant Materials and Preparation Of Extractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypericum triquetrifolium and H. neurocalycinum as Sources of Antioxidants and Multi-Target Bioactive Compounds: A Comprehensive Characterization Combining In Vitro Bioassays and Integrated NMR and LC-MS Characterization by Using a Multivariate Approach

Dall’Acqua

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Hypericum triquetrifolium and H. neurocalycinum were evaluated for their phytochemical content and in vitro bioactivity. NMR analyses were performed on the methanol extract of the aerial parts of H. triquetrifolium to establish the main classes of phytoconstituents. Then, LC-DAD-MSn analyses were performed in order to compare the composition of aerial parts and roots extracts of both Hypericum species, obtained using either methanol or water as solvents. Results, processed using multivariate data analysis, showed a significantly higher phenolic content of methanol extracts compared to water extracts, while minor qualitative differences were observed between the two. Distinctive flavonoid and PAC patterns were observed for H. triquetrifolium and H. neurocalycinum, and specific compounds were exclusively detected in one or the other species. Specifically, the phloroglucinols 7-epiclusianone, hyperfirin and hyperforin were present only in H. neurocalycinum, while hyperforin was detected only in H. triquetrifolium. Extracts were assayed using different in vitro tests to evaluate their antioxidant properties and their inhibitory activity against several enzymes, showing significant antioxidant and metal chelating activities. Furthermore, inhibitory properties against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and tyrosinase were observed. Multivariate approaches were used to correlate biological data with the phytochemical composition of the different extracts. The results, showing positive correlations between specific chemical constituents and the measured bioactivities, represent preliminary data that could guide future studies aimed at isolating bioactive constituents from H. neurocalycinum and H. triquetrifolium for further pharmacological evaluations.

“…A similar study was carried out by Elansary et al (2018) revealing S. alexandrina (pods/fruits) to contain chemical compounds such as gallic acid, gentisic acid, caffeic acid, neochlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, epigallocatechin, benzoic acid, 6-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin, cynaroside, kaempferol, quercetin, isoquercetin, luteolin, rhamnetin, and psoralene and isorhamnetin. The identification of a total of 12 different antioxidants notably p-coumaric acid, p−OH benzoic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, vanillin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringaldehyde, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, rosmarinic acid and gentisic acid, was also reported for the four samples of C. cajan (ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, and infusion extracts) in the study of Sinan et al (2021).…”

Section: Many Factors Can Affect the Extraction Efficiency Of Phenolic Com-mentioning

confidence: 73%

Biological properties and HPLC analyses of four medicinal plants extracts obtained at different extraction temperatures

Eyüpoğlu

Etienne²,

Food Processing Preservation

et al. 2021

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In the present study, extracts of four medicinal plants (Cajanus cajan, Carica papaya, Morinda morindoides, and Senna alexandrina) obtained at two different extraction temperatures (24 and 45°C) were investigated for their polyphenolic contents, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory properties. For instance, extracts of the studied species yielded total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the range of 17.8-66.3 mg GAE/g and 4.18-26.8 mg RE/g, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with antioxidant assays (HPLC-FRAP and HPLC-DPPH) was employed for direct identification of antioxidant compounds. The extracts showed moderate to high antioxidant potentials in various assays performed (radical scavenging activity: 10.15-240.08 mg TE/g; reducing activity: 24.88-229.59 mg TE/g; metal chelating activity: 5.56-18.32 mg EDTAE/g and total antioxidant capacity: 1.40-2.18 mM TE/g). Additionally, the extracts were found to exert inhibitory properties against all the studied enzymes (anti-acetylcholinesterase: 1.80-2.29 mg GALAE/g; anti-butyrylcholinesterase: 0.19-3.13 mg GALAE/g; anti-amylase: 0.39-0.58 mmol ACAE/g; anti-glucosidase: 0.17-1.36 mmol ACAE/g and anti-tyrosinase: 60.97-73.71 mg KAE/g). Of all, C. cajan extracts were revealed to be the best antioxidants and inhibitors of most enzymes. Therefore, this study demonstrated the pharmacological potentials of the four medicinal plants, especially C. cajan as viable sources of phyto-ingredients that could be of interest in nutraceutical development. Novelty impact statement• The methanol extracts from four medicinal plant with different extraction temperatures (24 and 45°C) were investigated.• HPLC-DPPH and HPLC-FRAP methodologies were used.• Different levels of phenolics in the tested extracts were determined.