HPLC-DAD phenolic profile, cytotoxic and anti-kinetoplastidae activity ofMelissa officinalis

Abstract

Context Melissa officinalis subsp. inodora Bornm. (Lamiaceae) has been used since ancient times in folk medicine against various diseases, but it has not been investigated against protozoa. Objective To evaluate the activities of M. officinalis against Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi as well as its cytotoxicity in fibroblast cell line. Materials and methods The fresh leaves were chopped into 1 cm 2 pieces, washed and macerated with 99.9% of ethanol for 72 h at room temperature. Antiparasitic activity of M. officinalis was accessed by direct counting of cells after serial dilution, while the cytotoxicity of M. officinalis was evaluated in fibroblast cell line (NCTC929) by measuring the reduction of resazurin. The test duration was 24 h. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to characterise the extract.Results The extract at concentrations of 250 and 125 mg/mL inhibited 80.39 and 54.27% of promastigote (LC 50 value ¼ 105.78 mg/mL) form of L. infantum, 80.59 and 68.61% of L. brasiliensis (LC 50 value ¼ 110.69 mg/mL) and against epimastigote (LC 50 value ¼ 245.23 mg/mL) forms of T. cruzi with an inhibition of 54.45 and 22.26%, respectively, was observed. The maximum toxicity was noted at 500 mg/mL with 95.41% (LC 50 value ¼ 141.01 mg/mL). The HPLC analysis identified caffeic acid and rutin as the major compounds. Discussion The inhibition of the parasites is considered clinically relevant (5500 mg/mL). Rutin and caffeic acids may be responsible for the antiprotozoal effect of the extract. Conclusion The ethanol extract of M. officinalis can be considered a potential alternative source of natural products with antileishmania and antitrypanosoma activities. ARTICLE HISTORY

Biodiversity within Melissa officinalis: Variability of Bioactive Compounds in a Cultivated Collection

“…Amongst phenolic acids, the most prevalent was caffeic acid with 6.42%, followed by ellagic (4.85%) and gallic acid (3.76%). In this study, rosmarinic acid was only a minor compound (2.2%) [ 32 ]. Another study reported sinapic and ferulic acid along with rosmarinic acid as main compounds [ 27 ].…”

Effects of Harvest Timing on Phytochemical Composition in Lamiaceae Plants under an Environment-Controlled System

“…MO is known for containing RA as its main compound, along with other phenolic compounds including ferulic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid, which are present in high proportions [60]. Caffeic acid, in particular, is found as another prominent phenolic in MO [61,62] and is more effective in inhibiting lipid oxidation and oil-in-water emulsion oxidation activities than RA [63]. Phenolic compounds as well as flavonoids are important active compounds of MO, although their profiles vary depending on the variety.…”

Development of waterborne polyurethane-ureas added with plant extracts: Study of different incorporation routes and their influence on particle size, thermal, mechanical and antibacterial properties

“…For example, Echem and Chukwuike [22] demonstrated the availability of Melissa officinalis extracts for inhibiting the corrosion of aluminium in hydrochloric acid medium. In another work Cunha et al [25] analyzed the efficacy of these extracts against Leishmania and Trypanosoma activity, focusing on biomedical applications. Therefore, in this work a base WBPUU dispersion was synthesized and incorporated with aqueous extracts of Salvia officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L. having in view the obtainment of products with improved antimicrobial activity.…”