HPLC Analysis to Determine the Half-life and Bioavailability of the Termiticides Bifenthrin and Fipronil in Soil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the bioavailability and degradation in soil of the termiticides bifenthrin and fipronil, which are used to treat subterranean termites (Heterotermes indicola, Wasmann). Soil collected from different areas of Lahore was categorized as sandy clay loam (SCL) or sandy loam (SL). Laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the bioavailability ratio of bifenthrin and fipronil in each type of soil after different periods of time. LT50 values were determined posttreatment at different time intervals. Regarding soil type, both termiticides were more effective in SL soil, compared with SCL soil posttreatment. There were significant differences in termite mortality in treated compared with untreated control samples (P < 0.005). To test the degradation rate of soil termiticides, both qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by HPLC, and the effect of time on termiticide recovery rate determined. Calculated half-life values for bifenthrin (maximum, 1,002 and 1,262 d in SCL soil and SL soil, respectively) indicated that it persisted in both soil types at all concentrations. The maximum calculated half-life values of fipronil were 270 and 555 d in SCL and SL soil, respectively. At lower concentrations and over longer periods of time, fipronil completely degraded in SL soil, while a negligible amount was detected in SCL soil. Termiticide concentration decreased over time, as did the termiticide recovery rate. Overall, bifenthrin was more persistent than fipronil under all treatment conditions tested.

Immuno-antioxidative reno-modulatory effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extract against bifenthrin-induced renal poisoning

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that bifenthrin-exposure causes neurotoxic effects in mammals’ brains 3 , as well as apoptotic and inflammatory responses in murine brains 4 , 5 . Also, it was reported that bifenthrin is more hazardous than other SPs as it stays longer in the soil, quickly attaches to organic materials, and flows into aquatic areas, causing ecological dangers and harmful impacts on aquatic life 6 .…”

Behavioral and Hematological Alterations in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) Exposed to Bifenthrin

“…FMC Corporation, whose corporate headquarters are presently situated in Philadelphia, PA, was the first to produce bifenthrin. In Dec. 9, 1980 BF distinct from other synthetic pesticides, has a greater lethalness having negative impacts on aquatic organisms (Manzoor and Pervez, 2017). Bifenthrin is an insecticide used to restrict varied kinds of pests that harm to plants.…”

Immuno-antioxidative reno-modulatory effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extract against bifenthrin-induced renal poisoning

“…Furthermore, BF exposure caused neurotoxic effects in mammals' brains as well as apoptotic and in ammatory responses in murine brains (Gargouri et al, 2018;Syed et al, 2018). It is more hazardous than other SPs because it stays longer in the soil, quickly attaches to organic materials, and ows into aquatic areas, causing ecological dangers and harmful impacts on aquatic life (Manzoor and Pervez, 2017). Because BF is used for pest control in agriculture and horticulture, there is de nitely a danger of long-term exposure to residues of pesticides in food products for humans (Pylak-Piwko and Nieradko-Iwanicka,…”