How we assess water safety: A critical review of sanitary inspection and water quality analysis

Kelly, Emma; Cronk, Ryan; Kumpel, Emily; Howard, Guy; Bartram, Jamie

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137237

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The European Standard Organization, CEN, developed standard EN 15975–2, which describes a risk management approach to drinking water supply that builds on the principles of the WHO's WSP approach. Sanitary inspection is a simple form of preventive management where hazards are identified, and control measures applied which has been widely applied to small supplies ( Kelly et al, 2020 ). WHO has developed several manuals and guidelines for implementing WSPs and sanitary inspections which can be found on the WHO website (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of risk-based approach and national framework for safe drinking water in small water supplies of the Nordic water sector

Gunnarsdóttir

Garðarsson

Schultz

et al. 2020

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

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Reliable safe water supply is a pillar of society and a key to public health. The Nordic countries have an abundance of clean fresh water as a source for drinking water supplies. They have followed developments in safeguarding water, both the recommendations of the World Health Organization framework for safe drinking water and European legislation. Worldwide, including the Nordic countries, small water supplies are less compliant with water safety regulation. The forthcoming EU directive on drinking water require risk-based approaches and improved transparency on water quality. This research looks at the Nordic frameworks for safe water supply, with emphasis on risk-based approaches and smaller systems. We analyzed the legal frameworks for safe water, the structure of the water sector across the Nordic countries and explored how prepared these countries are to meet these requirements. Our findings show that, while legal requirements are mostly in place, delivery of information to the public needs to be improved. Most Nordic countries are in the process of implementing risk-based management in large and medium size water supplies, whereas small supplies are lagging. We conclude that a key to success is increased training and support for small supplies. We suggest wider adoption of the Nordic model of cooperation with benchmarking of safe water for all to transfer knowledge between the countries. This work provides insights into challenges and opportunities for the Nordic countries and provides insights relevant to countries worldwide in their effort towards realization of SDG Target 6.1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of risk-based approach and national framework for safe drinking water in small water supplies of the Nordic water sector

Gunnarsdóttir

Garðarsson

Schultz

et al. 2020

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

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“…It is exhaustive in the sense that all observable faults are considered, but not comprehensive in the sense that not all faults are detectable by visual inspection. Sanitary inspection, reviewed and explored substantively in the paper by Kelly and Bartram 52 , is widely used by those working on rural water systems, where it is frequently applied to community water sources such as boreholes with handpumps.…”

Section: Safety: Tracking Safety Of Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for monitoring the safety of water services: from measurements to security

2020

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The sustainable developments goals (SDGs) introduced monitoring of drinking water quality to the international development agenda. At present, Escherichia coli are the primary measure by which we evaluate the safety of drinking water from an infectious disease perspective. Here, we propose and apply a framework to reflect on the purposes of and approaches to monitoring drinking water safety. To deliver SDG 6.1, universal access to safe drinking water, a new approach to monitoring is needed. At present, we rely heavily on single measures of E. coli contamination to meet a normative definition of safety. Achieving and sustaining universal access to safe drinking water will require monitoring that can inform decision making on whether services are managed to ensure safety and security of access.

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“…Актуальність теми. Гігієнічне значення води визначається не тільки її кількістю, а й якістю, вона має бути бездоганною в санітарному відношенні, це встановлюють за органолептичними властивостями, хімічним складом і відсутністю в ній збудників інфекційних та інвазійних хвороб відповідно до вимог стандарту (DSTU 7525:2014;Hryhorenko, 2015;Ievtushenko & Dudnyk, 2016;Goryaev et al, 2016;Kelly et al, 2020).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Hygienic assessment of water quality and its impact on the body of pigs

2020

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The results of research on the overall impact of drinking water quality, microclimate parameters and adopted in the farms of FE PE “Hlyniany Agro” and LLC “Miasni Resursy” options for growing weaned young (single- and three-phase) on morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, the level of natural resistance and their growth indicates that single-phase cultivation is more favorable for the growth and development of young animals. This is confirmed by the live weight of animals at birth and at the age of 120 days. Thus, in the case of single-phase cultivation of FE PE “Glynyany Agro” the live weight of piglets at birth was 1.11 kg, and in the case of three-phase LLC “Miasni Resursy” – 1.07 kg. When the animals reached 120 days of age, the live weight of piglets was 53.2 kg in FE PE “Glynyany Agro” and 50.2 kg in LLC “Miasni Resursy”. It should be noted that according to most indicators, water quality in both farms is within acceptable limits of sanitary and hygienic requirements, although it needs to be improved. With regard to microclimatic indicators, an overestimated level of ammonia was found in FE PE “Glynyany Agro”, which exceeded the MPC by 6 and 3.33 mg/m3, respectively, in the lines and transition periods, and in LLC “Miasni Resursy” was close to its upper borders. In a farm with single-phase animal husbandry, a slight decrease in erythrocytes in the blood of piglets aged 30 and 60 days was found. Since the animals reached the 120th day of life, an increase in this indicator was noted and the number of erythrocytes in the blood of animals of both farms, within the physiological norm, was 6.47 T/l (FE PE “Hlyniany Agro”) and 7.31 T/l (Miasni Resursy LLC). The concentration of hemoglobin was low in animals of both farms, but the highest rates were in animals of FE PE “Hlyniany Agro” at 30 and 60 days of age, and at 120 days of age this figure (3.28 g/l) was higher already in piglets of Miasni Resursy LLC. The content of total protein in the blood of piglets from both farms was also low, but by the time the animals reached 120 days of age, it was already within the physiological norm. Violation of the albumin-globulin ratio with the vast majority of globulins was also noted. Regarding cellular immunity, it was noted that the content of T-lymphocytes only in animals 120 days of age was normal, exceeding the lower limit of physiological norm by 0.27 % in animals with FE PE “Hlyniany Agro” and 2.09 % in animals with Miasni Resursy LLC. Our research once again confirms that the health, growth, development, and productivity of animals are influenced by a number of factors, both hygienic and technological.

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How we assess water safety: A critical review of sanitary inspection and water quality analysis

Cited by 48 publications

References 41 publications

Status of risk-based approach and national framework for safe drinking water in small water supplies of the Nordic water sector

Status of risk-based approach and national framework for safe drinking water in small water supplies of the Nordic water sector

A framework for monitoring the safety of water services: from measurements to security

Hygienic assessment of water quality and its impact on the body of pigs

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