How to Screen and Prevent Metabolic Syndrome in Patients of PCOS Early: Implications From Metabolomics

Abstract

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex reproductive endocrine disorder. And metabolic syndrome (MS) is an important bridge for PCOS patients to develop other diseases, such as diabetes and coronary heart disease. Our aim was to study the potential metabolic characteristics of PCOS-MS and identify sensitive biomarkers so as to provide targets for clinical screening, diagnosis, and treatment.MethodsIn this study, 44 PCOS patients with MS, 34 PCOS patients without MS, and 32 healthy controls were studied. Plasma samples of subjects were tested by ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system combined with LTQ-orbi-trap mass spectrometry. The changes of metabolic characteristics from PCOS to PCOS-MS were systematically analyzed. Correlations between differential metabolites and clinical characteristics of PCOS-MS were assessed. Differential metabolites with high correlation were further evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to identify their sensitivity as screening indicators.ResultsThere were significant differences in general characteristics, reproductive hormone, and metabolic parameters in the PCOS-MS group when compared with the PCOS group and healthy controls. We found 40 differential metabolites which were involved in 23 pathways when compared with the PCOS group. The metabolic network further reflected the metabolic environment, including the interaction between metabolic pathways, modules, enzymes, reactions, and metabolites. In the correlation analysis, there were 11 differential metabolites whose correlation coefficient with clinical parameters was greater than 0.4, which were expected to be taken as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. Besides, these 11 differential metabolites were assessed by ROC, and the areas under curve (AUCs) were all greater than 0.7, with a good sensitivity. Furthermore, combinational metabolic biomarkers, such as glutamic acid + leucine + phenylalanine and carnitine C 4: 0 + carnitine C18:1 + carnitine C5:0 were expected to be sensitive combinational biomarkers in clinical practice.ConclusionOur study provides a new insight to understand the pathogenesis mechanism, and the discriminating metabolites may help screen high-risk of MS in patients with PCOS and provide sensitive biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.

The PCOS–NAFLD Multidisease Phenotype Occurred in Medaka Fish Four Generations after the Removal of Bisphenol A Exposure

“…In agreement with our finding, an analysis performed by Zhao et al found that the levels of alanine, valine, serine, threonine, ornithine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are generally increased and the levels of glycine and proline are reduced in plasma samples of PCOS patients . In the present study, PCOS-specific pathways, including arginine biosynthesis, , aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, , beta-alanine metabolism, proline and arginine metabolism, , taurine metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism, were activated in the ovary of the BPA lineage group, suggesting that metabolic alterations were promoted by ancestral BPA exposure effect.…”

Profound Perturbation in the Metabolome of a Canine Obesity and Metabolic Disorder Model

“…Metabolomics approaches have been increasingly applied to interrogate molecular and metabolic alterations in metabolic diseases and are considered one of the signposts of clinical translation ( 17 , 18 ). The characterization of the metabolites that are associated with metabolic disorders may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms and define biomarkers to improve patient diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment efficacy ( 19 , 20 ). Although several studies have revealed metabolic signatures associated with obesity in humans and rodent models, there are few metabolomic profiling studies on canine obesity to date ( 21 – 23 ).…”

Pseudo-targeted metabolomic analysis of Chinese Herbal Medicines Cangfu Daotan Decoction to improve in vitro fertilization outcomes of patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

“…Studies have shown that an increase in glutamate levels is signi cantly associated with insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS patients [54]. Increased glutamate content in follicle can exacerbate insulin resistance in PCOS patients, resulting in a decreased fertilization rate, 2PN ssion rate, 2PN fertilization rate, and high-quality embryo rate [55].…”