How to put and take in Kalasha

Petersen, Jan Heegård

doi:10.1075/tsl.100.21pet

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Due to the elaborate processes of derivational affixation, reduplication, and rich pronominal and demonstrative distinctions, the characteristics of the Jahai language are extremely complex [15]. Between 2004 and 2008, Burenhalt N. published a series of studies on Jahai language, including descriptions of bodily parts [16], hydrological lexicon [17], landscape words and typonyms [18], and placement and removal events [19]. Later, other researchers expanded on Burenhalt's work, such as Wierzbicka [20] on semantic topology and Wegener [21] on Savosavo ethnic body parts.…”

Section: Jahai Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

Jahai language repository: a mobile application

Rahman

Mohamad

Mohtar

et al. 2023

IJEECS

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The Jahai language is facing extinction primarily because it is among the least spoken language among minority groups in Malaysia. This is due to lesser speakers and the shift to using a more dominant language. The Jahai tribe is one of the community groups living in the Royal Belum Perak State Park. People who need assistance from Jahai people often face difficulties in communicating with them due to the language barrier. Therefore, a mobile translation system was developed to preserve the language. The system translates the Jahai terms into Malay language. This way, by using the system, other ethnics in Malaysia can understand the language especially when communicating with Jahai people. Three main steps are required in the translation process; first, key in the text input via special character keypad. Then, the system will search the matching word in the database. Finally, the meaning of the word will be displayed. The testing results have indicated this system is functional and accepted with the SUS score of 94/100. Several future recommendations could be made such as including voice search function and adding more Jahai terms in other categories so as to improve the functionality and usability of this proposed system.

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Section: Jahai Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

Jahai language repository: a mobile application

Rahman

Mohamad

Mohtar

et al. 2023

IJEECS

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“…Unlike Spanish and Basque, it seems that force and intention do not play a pivotal role in the patterns of argument realization; however, they can be considered as the factors, which contribute to the asymmetry hypothesis in placement vs. removal events. Petersen (2012) investigates the linguistic encoding of 'put' and 'take' events in Kalasha, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Northwest Pakistan. He argues that the asymmetry hypothesis in placement vs. removal events is attested at different levels in this language; however, this asymmetry can be observed in favor of put expressions or in favor of take expressions.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…He argues that the asymmetry hypothesis in placement vs. removal events is attested at different levels in this language; however, this asymmetry can be observed in favor of put expressions or in favor of take expressions. Petersen (2012) makes clear that 'take' predicates are more numerous and diverse in the language compared to 'put' predicates, however, when it comes to the use of the postposition kai in locative constructions, put events show more degree of diversity. Lakusta and Landau (2012) assess the descriptions of motion events to see if the Goalover-Source predominance hypothesis observed in language has a cognitive basis.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

On Placement and Removal Events in Ilami Kurdish: A Cognitive-Typological Approach

Karimipour¹,

Rezai²

2019

Onomázein

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Journal of linguistics, philology and translation ONOMÁZEIN 45 (September 2019): 126 -151 Amir Karimipour and Vali Rezai On Placement and Removal Events in Ilami Kurdish: A Cognitive-Typological Approach 127 This paper explores the linguistic characteristics of placement and removal events in Ilami Kurdish and investigates the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis in such events. By testing the asymmetry hypothesis in placement vs. removal events, we determined that various predicates are used to encode these events in Ilami Kurdish. Data were collected using a set of video clips including the 'put and take' stimuli (Bowerman et al., 2004) with ten Ilami Kurdish speakers, who described the occasions when placement and removal events were required. The results of this first experiment show that there are asymmetric correlations between placement and removal events in terms of verbal predicates. In fact, proportionally more fine-grained types of placement predicates are observed in the descriptions of the Kurdish consultants. Accordingly, it can be concluded that placement events, in comparison with removal events, are cognitively more salient and intricate in the mind of Kurdish speakers, which is directly connected with such linguistic distinctions as properties of the figure, force-dynamic notions, and manner of motion, which are more determinant in placement events than removal events. In the next part of this study, the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis was explored in placement and removal events. This hypothesis was tested on the basis of linguistic descriptions as well as a memory task. In the descriptive task, a set of video clips of placement and removal events, including different source and goal paths, was used. Respondents participating in this experiment described each scene after they watched it. In the memory task, participants were asked to watch the scenes of placement and removal events as well as matched events and then judge whether source or goal components can be matched or not. It was found that in these tasks, the goal component was mentioned more often and more accurately matched, respectively. These findings support the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis and highlight the cognitive importance of the goal component in placement events compared to the source component in removal events. Abstract

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“…For example, Gehrke (2008) -contra Nam (2004) -argues that the Goal bias is only cognitive and is not necessarily expressed in semantic or syntactic asymmetries between Goals and Sources (but see Landau & Zukowski 2003;Lakusta & Landau 2005). Similarly, Kopecka (2012) uses the 'put and take' stimuli (Bowerman, Gullberg, Majid, & Narasimhan 2004) to elicit descriptions of 'putting' (i.e., Goal-profiled) and 'taking' (i.e., Source-profiled) events in Polish, showing that the linguistic encoding of the two path types is equally frequent (see also Ishibashi 2010;Petersen 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A frame-based approach to the source-goal asymmetry

Georgakopoulos

2018

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This paper investigates the asymmetrical behavior of Sources and Goals of motion in Homeric and Classical Greek within the frame semantics paradigm. In particular, based on a corpus of 26 works covering four text types, it is shown that (a) regardless of their semantic class, motion verbs display preference for Goalpathscompared to Source ones; (b) the frame that a verb belongs to affects the type ofpathchosen only to a certain degree that does not change the Source-Goal imbalance; (c) semantically incongruent motion verb –pathcombinations are naturally less frequent than congruent combinations, but within the category of incongruent combinations the tokens are distributed in a way that reflects the prevalence of Goals; (d) the number of markers for the encoding of Goal is higher than that of Source; and (e) Source and Goal markers interact with Place ones in an asymmetrical way: Goal markers come to encode Place and, similarly, Place markers come to express Goal. Conversely, the interaction of markers exhibiting Source-Place polysemy is unidirectional, in the sense that none of these markers was originally used to encode Place alone. Theoretical implications of the study are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.

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How to put and take in Kalasha

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Jahai language repository: a mobile application

Jahai language repository: a mobile application

On Placement and Removal Events in Ilami Kurdish: A Cognitive-Typological Approach

A frame-based approach to the source-goal asymmetry

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