How to plug-in your rover into a space mission to moon or mars

Sarkarati, Mehran; Merri, Mario; Nergaard, Kim; Steele, Paul T.

doi:10.1109/icara.2015.7081167

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This paper seeks to render visible the differences between the two parallel internets, terrestrial and interplanetary. I begin my exploration by analyzing the OPSCOM-1 mission that took place on the International Space Station (Sarakanti et al 2015). I follow Lisa Gitelman (Gitelman 2006, 1) who argues that to understand how media becomes what it is, we should direct the attention to "looking into the novelty years, transitional states, and identity crises of different media", which "stands to tell us much, both about the course of media history and about the broad conditions by which media and communication are and have been shaped."…”

Section: Tero Karppi University Of Torontomentioning

confidence: 99%

If Not, Else: Standards, Protocols, Networks and How They Make a Difference

Karppi,

Paris,

Gehl

et al. 2023

SPIR

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The contemporary Internet's "network of networks" has become infrastructural to our lives. The Internet is a stack of physical, data link, network, transport, and application layers which all have unique rules and roles. While many see Internet infrastructure as a foregone conclusion, Paris, Cath and Myers West (2023) write “Internet infrastructure is built slowly, over time, protocol by protocol, in response to many different technical, social, political, environmental, and economic imperatives”. Even as the particular model of the Internet we are all accustomed to has become the standard, other attempts proliferated and eventually failed, as did the Soviet Internet (Peters 2016), and as this panel highlights, the Internet is still ever-evolving. The project of this panel is to trace alternative, parallel, and emergent network models, standards and protocols, theorize their impact as they appear in different places, spaces, and contexts, and gesture towards how the Internet might be different. As critical internet studies have since the early 2000s shown, computational standards, protocols, and network diagrams are more than technical details, they have the power to shape and structure the conditions for our socio-cultural lifeworlds (Galloway 2006; Chun 2008; Bratton 2016). As Gehl (2014) puts it: “interfaces, database structures, mechanisms of connection all shape social activities”. Change an element in the stack and a different connectivity, a different future becomes possible. The papers of this panel introduce and discuss five different and potentially revolutionary network technologies that manage and organize our online lives. The first paper represents a media genealogy of ActivityPub – a protocol that enables the Fediverse, a collection of social media sites that can communicate with one another. The author argues that ActivityPub was not produced through an instrumental process, but was the result of accidents and coincidences. The accidental nature of the protocol, coupled with its being authored by self-identified queer and trans developers, has put it on a collision course with both the “standard” approach to standards production as well as mainstream, corporate social media. The second paper focuses on the design of the Interplanetary Internet and the idea of delay-tolerant networking fundamental to operating in outer space. The author maintains that when delays are central to a network model, we are forced to rethink how our connections are maintained and organized in the future. Delay-tolerant networking is thus not only a technical solution for a communications system but a control protocol through which interplanetary life can be managed. The third paper is also focused on the temporality of networks. The third paper examines how time is enacted as a design ideology in the course of the development of a future internet architecture protocol project: named data networking (NDN). This work locates aspects of the sociomateriality of time in the processes of building Internet infrastructure and demonstrates how it binds together cultural, economic, and discursive power. The paper argues that thinking through time as a design ideology can be useful in projects imagining how the Internet might be built to engender and support different values than market ideology. The fourth paper is about the organizational culture of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a key internet standards and protocol organization. The paper argues that the organization is guided by a culturally inflected anti-political engineering ethos, whose depoliticizing tendencies hampers the organization’s functioning and its ability to rise above narrow industry-interest and pursue a public interest internet. The fifth paper looks to the Crypto Wars of the 1990s as a moment where things could have been otherwise; comparing the examples of PGP and RSA encryption software and how they shaped the nature of our networked systems. It argues that a combination of regulatory and commercial interests influenced the development and use of cryptography in ways that facilitated the development of e-commerce, but left private messaging in dubious legal status. Collectively the papers investigate alternative and emergent trends behind the Internet and its network models, standards, and protocols. The protocols and rules for network connection, standards bodies, and modes of governance are critical to maintaining and upkeeping a network. Their impact, however, is not merely technical but potentially world-changing. The papers direct their critical gaze towards the development of these technologies and what their introduction to our world potentially entails. By focusing on projects of past, present, and future and by exploring the Internet’s deepest sociotechnical layers, the panel critically dismantles the commonly-held idea that the Internet is a monolith and illustrates that the history of the Internet is still being written.

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Section: Tero Karppi University Of Torontomentioning

confidence: 99%

If Not, Else: Standards, Protocols, Networks and How They Make a Difference

Karppi,

Paris,

Gehl

et al. 2023

SPIR

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“…In the METERON SUPVIS-E and SUPVIS-M experiments, ESA investigated the use of supervisory robot command [12] for optimizing the workload balance between the robot and astronaut [13], while in the METERON SUPVIS Justin experiment, the focus shifted to treating the robot as a coworker of the astronaut [14] [15]. DLR's Rollin' Justin robot provided intelligent features such as autonomous object detection, reasoning, and action execution [16] [17].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Multi User Knowledge Driven Teleoperation of a Robotic Team with Scalable Autonomy

Schmaus,

Batti,

Bauer

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

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This paper proposes a knowledge-driven teleoperation framework that enables multiple operators to command a team of robots to execute complex tasks in an efficient and intuitive manner. The framework leverages a shared knowledge base that captures domain-specific information and procedural knowledge about the task at hand. This knowledge base is used by a hybrid planner to generate context-specifically relevant commands for supervised autonomy robot command as well as direct teleoperation modes. By filtering the available commands, the operators are guided in their decision-making towards efficient task completion. This paper further extends our knowledge driven approach to address the switching between multiple operators and robotic assets, with the aim to be able scale up human-robot team for space exploration. Overall, this work represents a step towards more intelligent and collaborative teleoperation systems. The described system will be used in the Surface Avatar ISS-to-ground experiments slated for July 2023.

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“…The SUPVIS-E and SUPVIS-M experiments started the investigation of supervisory robot command in METERON by utilizing predefined task-level commands [22]. The astronauts used the METERON Operations Software Graphical User Interface (GUI) installed on a laptop computer to issue commands and monitor the autonomous execution during the ISS sessions [23].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge Driven Orbit-to-Ground Teleoperation of a Robot Coworker

Schmaus

Leidner

Krüger

et al. 2020

IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett.

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The crewed exploration of Moon and Mars requires the construction and maintenance of infrastructure on the alien surfaces before a crew arrives. Robotic coworkers are envisioned to take over the physical labor required to set-up crew habitats, energy supplies, and return vehicles in the hazardous environment. Deploying these robots in such a remote location poses a challenge that requires autonomous robot capabilities in combination with effective Human Robot Interfaces (HRIs), which comply with the harsh conditions of deep space operations. An astronaut-robot teleoperation concept targeting these topics has been evaluated in DLR and ESA's METERON SUPVIS Justin experiment where astronauts on-board the International Space Station (ISS) commanded DLR's humanoid robot Rollin' Justin in a simulated Martian environment on Earth. This work extends on our previously presented approach to supervised autonomy. It examines the results of the two follow-up experiment sessions which investigated maintenance and assembly tasks in real-world scenarios. We discuss the use of our system in real space-toground deployment and analyze key performance metrics of the HRI and the feedback given by the astronauts.

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How to plug-in your rover into a space mission to moon or mars

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

If Not, Else: Standards, Protocols, Networks and How They Make a Difference

If Not, Else: Standards, Protocols, Networks and How They Make a Difference

Toward Multi User Knowledge Driven Teleoperation of a Robotic Team with Scalable Autonomy

Knowledge Driven Orbit-to-Ground Teleoperation of a Robot Coworker

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