How to Deal with the Past?

Khazanov, Anatoly M.; Payne, Stanley G.

doi:10.1080/14690760802094909

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Memory has been studied from a great many perspectives: social, cultural, psychological, neurophysiological. Some studies emphasize memory as a social process, as in collective memory and commemoration (Connerton ; Kansteiner ; Khazanov and Payne ), while others emphasize individual memory (Kandel ; Kaplonski ; Tulving ). Anthropology tends to gravitate toward considerations of collective memory among research subjects (Berliner ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Memory, body, and the online researcher: Following Russian street demonstrations via social media

Gray

2016

American Ethnologist

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The Moscow street demonstrations of 2011–12 were the largest public gatherings in Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union. They were also the largest‐ever gathering of Russians on social media. While using the Internet to follow such large‐scale social movements remotely, researchers experience social media as a context in which anthropology happens. They may think about “being there” in new ways that shift their focus to their own processes of memory making and sense of bodily presence. Experiencing and remembering social media in the body challenges the distinctions we might otherwise make between virtual and physical encounters. [body memory, protest, social media, digital anthropology, online research, Moscow, Russia] Московские уличные демонстрации 2011–12 стали наиболее многочисленными в России со времен распада Советского Союза. Они также объединили наибольшее число россиян в социальных сетях. Используя Интернет для изучения крупномасштабных социальных движений в удаленном доступе, исследователи одновременно рассматривают онлайн пространство социальных сетей как новое поле антропологии. Новые способы «присутствия» побуждают исследователей обратиться к своему собственному процессу производства памяти и собственному чувству телесности. Особые опыт и память телесности в социальных средствах коммуникации заставляют нас пересмотреть границы виртуального и физического опыта. [память тела, протест, социальные медиа, цифровая антропология, онлайн исследования, Москва, Россия;]

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confidence: 99%

Memory, body, and the online researcher: Following Russian street demonstrations via social media

Gray

2016

American Ethnologist

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“…For instance, Jung (2009) argued that the demand to draw a line under the past -and thus remove any accountability for past violations against Indigenous peoples-represents one of the main drivers of the Canadian government's use of transitional justice measures. Efforts to achieve closure have also been identified with regard to the Northern Ireland conflict (Brewer & Hayes, 2015), the history of slavery and colonialism in the United States and Britain (Adi, 2012;Neiman, 2019), the crimes committed during the legacy of the Soviet regime (Khazanov & Payne, 2008), or the war crimes of Imperial Japan (Liu & Atsumi, 2008). Although in these contexts, the demand for HC has been discussed as an important strategy for maintaining ingroup positivity and delimiting collective guilt, little research has been devoted to empirically examine this assumption.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Too great to be guilty? Individuals high in collective narcissism demand closure regarding the past to attenuate collective guilt

Kazarovytska

2022

Euro J Social Psych

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While the Holocaust is widely regarded by Germans as one of the worst human atrocities, they differ in their readiness to express guilt or, in contrast, in their demand to close this chapter of history. We propose that such demand for historical closure (HC) is particularly pronounced among individuals high in collective narcissism and is systematically related to reduced collective guilt. Across three studies (N = 1383), collective narcissism was significantly related to demand for HC, even when controlling for national identification and national pride. Moreover, collective narcissism was associated with reduced guilt only via demanding HC, but not via the defensive strategies generalization or moral delegitimization of the victims. Yet, collective narcissism was associated via all three defensive strategies with actual donations to support Holocaust survivors. We discuss how demanding HC helps group members to shield their ingroup from its negative past, thus alleviating aversive feelings of collective guilt.

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“…Also in Japan, efforts to conclude the discussion of Imperial Japan's war crimes (even without reparation, Jeong & Vollhardt, 2021) can be observed repeatedly. Other examples of such attempts to "move away from 'post-colonial guilt'" (Adi, 2012, p. 1) by achieving closure were identified with regard to colonial crimes in Britain or to crimes committed during the Soviet regime (Khazanov & Payne, 2008). We refer to this demand for HC based on the desire to preserve a favorable ingroup image and avoid collective guilt as defensive HC.…”

Section: Defensive Demand For Hcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Fish at One Hook? Future-Oriented, Reconciliatory, and Defensive Claims for Historical Closure as Expressions of the Same Defensive Desire

Kazarovytska

2022

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

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Historical perpetrator groups seek to shield themselves from image threat by advocating for closing the discussion of their crimes. However, from a broader theoretical perspective, such demand for historical closure (HC) may also reflect willingness to reconcile with the victim group or to focus on the future rather than the past. In nine studies across four different contexts (Germany, United States, Italy, and Australia; N = 3405), we analyzed whether these three facets of HC (defensive, reconciliatory, and future-oriented) indeed substantially differ. Contrary to expectations, nomological network analyses suggested that all three facets reflect the same defensive desire (Studies 1a–2c) and are perceived as overall similar from a third-party perspective (Study 3). Finally, all three HC facets showed a positive trend toward costly avoidance of confrontation with the ingroup’s perpetrator past (Studies 4a–c). We discuss implications for (and against) a more nuanced understanding of the demand for HC.

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How to Deal with the Past?

Cited by 9 publications

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Memory, body, and the online researcher: Following Russian street demonstrations via social media

Memory, body, and the online researcher: Following Russian street demonstrations via social media

Too great to be guilty? Individuals high in collective narcissism demand closure regarding the past to attenuate collective guilt

Three Fish at One Hook? Future-Oriented, Reconciliatory, and Defensive Claims for Historical Closure as Expressions of the Same Defensive Desire

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