“…Regarding the economic potential and environmental potential of the NICP policy since China established Shenzhen as the first national innovation-oriented city in 2008, relevant literature has been developed around three aspects: Firstly, findings on the economic effect of the NICP policy indicate that it has a noteworthy and affirmative impact on the enhancement of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) quality [18], industrial structure upgrading [19], green efficiency of the logistics industry [20], and green total factor productivity [21]. Secondly, findings on the environmental effect of the NICP policy show that it can significantly improve energy productivity [22], green total factor energy efficiency [23], carbon emission efficiency [24], carbon emission intensity [25], and carbon lock-in [26,27]. Thirdly, findings on the innovation effect of the NICP policy show that it is conducive to promoting the flow of knowledge between industry, academia, and research institutions [28,29], city brand [30], green innovation efficiency [31], and green technology progress [32].…”