How Taking a Word for a Word Can Be Problematic: Context-Dependent Linguistic Markers of Extraversion and Neuroticism

Mehl, Mattias R.; Robbins, Megan L.; Holleran, Shannon E.

doi:10.2458/jmm.v3i2.16477

Cited by 29 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(71 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sixth, we will test the moderation effect of public vs. private context. Mehl et al (2012) collected participants' daily conversations and stream-of-consciousness essays, and found that the personality-word use associations were highly context-dependent.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to written language, spoken language has more grammatical errors (Bushnell, 1930), and is more spontaneous and less manipulated (Chafe & Tannen, 1987). Mehl et al (2012) found that individuals used more words in spoken language than written language. Furthermore, previous studies only found that extraversion predicted positive emotion words and social process words in written languages (e.g., Pennebaker & King, 1999;Qiu et al, 2012;Yarkoni, 2010), but not in spoken languages (e.g., Mehl et al, 2006).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Mehl (2004) and Mehl et al (2012) shared the same participants. Mehl (2004) reported the correlation between extraversion and positive emotion words in daily conversations captured by electronically activated recorder (EAR), while Mehl et al (2012) reported the same correlation in participants' stream-ofconscious (SOC) essays. These two correlations were dependent, and simultaneously including them into the meta-analysis might lead to an improper estimate of the overall effect size.…”

Section: Overall Effect Size Calculation and Publication Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A meta-analysis of linguistic markers of extraversion: Positive emotion and social process words

Chen

Qiu

2020

Journal of Research in Personality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Past literature has shown that extraversion is related to the use of positive emotion and social process words. However, the strength of the relationships varies substantially across studies. In this research, we conducted a meta-analysis (k = 37, N = 82,132) to estimate the overall effect size of the two linguistic correlates of extraversion. In addition, we tested potential moderators including demographic variables (e.g., age and gender) and communication contexts (e.g., synchronous vs. asynchronous, public vs. private). Our random effects models revealed a small correlation between extraversion and positive emotion words (r = .069, 95% CI = [.041, .096]), and a small correlation between extraversion and social process words (r = .077, 95% CI = [.044, .109]). In addition, the strength of the relationship between extraversion and positive emotion words varies across communication contexts, while the relationship between extraversion and social process words remains consistent across contexts. Our results suggest that positive emotion words and social process words are linguistic correlates of extraversion, but they are small in magnitude.

show abstract

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Effect Size Calculation and Publication Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A meta-analysis of linguistic markers of extraversion: Positive emotion and social process words

Chen

Qiu

2020

Journal of Research in Personality

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Past research often ignores the communication context in which language is produced. This is problematic to the extent that certain communication contexts afford a greater or lesser expression of personality (e.g., Mehl, Robbins, & Holleran, 2012). Rodriguez and colleagues (2010), for example, observed the positive association between depression and I-talk when participants wrote an essay describing their personality to themselves (as they would in a personal diary), but not when they did so describing their personality to others (as they would in an online blog).…”

Section: Does the Depression-i-talk Effect Vary By Communication Contmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, Negative Emotionality, and Self-Referential Language: A Multi-Lab, Multi-Measure, and Multi-Language-Task Research Synthesis_Tackman et al_Preprint

Tackman¹,

Sbarra²,

Carey³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Depressive symptomatology is manifested in greater first-person singular pronoun use (i.e., I-talk), but when and for whom this effect is most apparent, and the extent to which it is specific to depression or part of a broader association between negative emotionality and I-talk, remains unclear. Using pooled data from N = 4,754 participants from 6 labs across 2 countries, we examined, in a preregistered analysis, how the depression–I-talk effect varied by (a) first-person singular pronoun type (i.e., subjective, objective, and possessive), (b) the communication context in which language was generated (i.e., personal, momentary thought, identity-related, and impersonal), and (c) gender. Overall, there was a small but reliable positive correlation between depression and I-talk (r = .10, 95% CI [.07, .13]). The effect was present for all first-person singular pronouns except the possessive type, in all communication contexts except the impersonal one, and for both females and males with little evidence of gender differences. Importantly, a similar pattern of results emerged for negative emotionality. Further, the depression–I-talk effect was substantially reduced when controlled for negative emotionality but this was not the case when the negative emotionality–I-talk effect was controlled for depression. These results suggest that the robust empirical link between depression and I-talk largely reflects a broader association between negative emotionality and I-talk. Self-referential language using first-person singular pronouns may therefore be better construed as a linguistic marker of general distress proneness or negative emotionality rather than as a specific marker of depression.

show abstract

“…For example, language can be a marker of age (Pennebaker & Stone, 2003), gender (Groom & Pennebaker, 2005;Laserna et al, 2014), political orientations (Dehghani, Sagae, Sachdeva, & Gratch, 2014) and even eating habits (Skoyen, Randall, Mehl, & Butler, 2014). Further it can help us better understand various aspects of depression (Ramirez-Esparza, Chung, Kacewicz, & Pennebaker 2008), moral values (Dehghani, Johnson, & Hoover, 2009;, neuroticism and extraversion (Mehl, Robbins, & Holleran, 2012) and cultural backgrounds (Maass, Karasawa, Politi, & Suga, 2006;Dehghani et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversation level syntax similarity metric

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The syntax and semantics of human language can illuminate many individual psychological differences and important dimensions of social interaction. Accordingly, psychological and psycholinguistic research has begun incorporating sophisticated representations of semantic content to better understand the connection between word choice and psychological processes. In this work we introduce ConversAtion level Syntax SImilarity Metric (CASSIM), a novel method for calculating conversation-level syntax similarity. CASSIM estimates the syntax similarity between conversations by automatically generating syntactical representations of the sentences in conversation, estimating the structural differences between them, and calculating an optimized estimate of the conversation-level syntax similarity. After introducing and explaining this method, we report results from two method validation experiments (Study 1) and conduct a series of analyses with CASSIM to investigate syntax accommodation in social media discourse (Study 2). We run the same experiments using two well-known existing syntactic metrics, LSM and Coh-Metrix, and compare their results to CASSIM. Overall, our results indicate that CASSIM is able to reliably measure syntax similarity and to provide robust evidence of syntax accommodation within social media discourse.

show abstract

How Taking a Word for a Word Can Be Problematic: Context-Dependent Linguistic Markers of Extraversion and Neuroticism

Cited by 29 publications

References 42 publications

A meta-analysis of linguistic markers of extraversion: Positive emotion and social process words

A meta-analysis of linguistic markers of extraversion: Positive emotion and social process words

Depression, Negative Emotionality, and Self-Referential Language: A Multi-Lab, Multi-Measure, and Multi-Language-Task Research Synthesis_Tackman et al_Preprint

Conversation level syntax similarity metric

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About