How Many Levels of Processing Are There in Lexical Access?

Caramazza, Alfonso

doi:10.1080/026432997381664

Cited by 963 publications

(885 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…assume that information about the grammatical category of a word is retrieved at some stage subsequent to the retrieval of its meaning, and that this information is critical in specifying its syntactic properties-for instance, tense, person, and number [11,28,30]. Such properties may be overtly marked by the addition of inflectional morphemes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grammatical processing of nouns and verbs in left frontal cortex?

2003

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grammatical processing of nouns and verbs in left frontal cortex?

2003

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“…Distractor words appeared superimposed on the target pictures either in the singular (e.g., Kerze) or in the plural (e.g., Kerzen). Current accounts of lexical access assume that diacritic parameters for grammatical number have to be set at the level of lexical node selection (e.g., Bock & Levelt, 1994;Caramazza, 1997). If target and distractor require different feature specifications with respect to number, then this could lead to interference due to competition between the diacritic features ''singular'' and ''plural'' in the speech production system.…”

Section: The Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selection of Grammatical Features in Word Production: The Case of Plural Nouns in German

Schiller

Caramazza

2002

Brain and Language

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Two experiments investigate the effect of number congruency using picture-word interference. Native German participants were required to name pictures of single objects (Nase 'nose') or two instances of the same object (Nasen 'noses') while ignoring simultaneously presented distractor words. Distractor words either had the same number or were different in number. In addition, the type of plural formation (same or different inflectional plural suffix) and the semantic relationship (same or different semantic category) between target and distractor were varied in Experiments 1 and 2. Results showed no effect of number congruency in either experiment. Furthermore, the type of inflectional suffix did not exert an influence on naming latencies in Experiment 1, but semantic relationship led to a significant interference effect in Experiment 2. The results indicate that selection of the number feature diacritic in noun production is not a competitive process. The implications of the results for models of lexical access are discussed.

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“…According to the model proposed by Caramazza (Caramazza, 1997;Caramazza & Miozzo, 1997, lexical-semantic representations directly activate word-form representations. In this model, called the Independent Network (IN) model, semantic, syntactic, and form representations of a word are independently stored in separate networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The word frequency effect in picture naming: Contrasting two hypotheses using homonym pictures

Shatzman

Schiller

2004

Brain and Language

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Models of speech production disagree on whether or not homonyms have a shared word-form representation. To investigate this issue, a picture-naming experiment was carried out using Dutch homonyms of which both meanings could be presented as a picture. Naming latencies for the low-frequency meanings of homonyms were slower than for those of the high-frequency meanings. However, no frequency effect was found for control words, which matched the frequency of the homonymsÕ meanings. Subsequent control experiments indicated that the difference in naming latencies for the homonyms could be attributed to processes earlier than wordform retrieval. Specifically, it appears that low name agreement slowed down the naming of the low-frequency homonym pictures.

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How Many Levels of Processing Are There in Lexical Access?

Cited by 963 publications

References 88 publications

Grammatical processing of nouns and verbs in left frontal cortex?

Grammatical processing of nouns and verbs in left frontal cortex?

The Selection of Grammatical Features in Word Production: The Case of Plural Nouns in German

The word frequency effect in picture naming: Contrasting two hypotheses using homonym pictures

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