How is your MPA doing? A methodology for evaluating the management effectiveness of marine protected areas

Pomeroy, Robert S.; Watson, Lani M.; Parks, John; Cid, Gonzalo

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2005.05.004

Cited by 254 publications

(224 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Currently, the Philippines has implemented *1,169 marine reserves (Arceo et al 2008). Thus, it is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of these reserves to allow continuous feedback of information necessary for adaptive management (Pomeroy et al 2005;Maliao et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories and magnitude of change in coral reef fish populations in Philippine marine reserves: a meta-analysis

et al. 2009

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Marine reserves are widely implemented worldwide to meet both conservation and fisheries management goals. This study examines the efficacy of Philippine marine reserves using meta-analysis by comparing variations in fish density (1) between reserves and adjacent fished reefs (spatial comparison), (2) within reserves before establishment relative to years following the establishment (temporal comparison), and (3) among reserves classified based on size, age, and enforcement capacity. A grand (total) mean of nineteen 22.3 ha coral reef reserves, protected for a mean duration of 8.2 years, were included in the meta-analyses. The overall density of fishes was higher in the reserves compared with the fished reefs and this difference was largely accounted for by exploited fishes. However, the overall density of fishes within the same reserves remained similar from the period before its establishment to several years following its establishment.Only the density of nonexploited fishes increased significantly during years subsequent to the establishment of the reserves. Neither age nor size of reserves correlated with pattern of change in fish density following the establishment of the reserves; however, fish density was consistently higher in larger and older reserves relative to smaller and younger reserves in the spatial comparison. Furthermore, well-enforced reserves had higher density of exploited fishes relative to less-enforced reserves in both spatial and temporal comparisons. In general, the magnitude and trajectory of change in fish density following the establishment of Philippine marine reserves are influenced by (1) functional groups of fishes under consideration, (2) size and age of the reserve, and (3) level of enforcement of the regulatory mechanisms necessary to sustain a marine reserve.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories and magnitude of change in coral reef fish populations in Philippine marine reserves: a meta-analysis

et al. 2009

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“…This difference leads to questions regarding whether the MEAT management action indicators are appropriate; management actions are properly conducted; or data in MEAT are reliable. A guidebook developed by the MPA Management Effectiveness Initiative, for example, suggests that indicators are to be selected from biophysical, socioeconomic and governance areas (Pomeroy et al 2005). The aforementioned MEAT management action indicators include those three areas.…”

Section: Present Conditions Of Mpas: Evaluated Mpas Through Meatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although MPAs have increased in recent decades, worldwide coverage is significantly below the Aichi Target, which calls for 10 % coverage by 2020 (CBD 2013). Furthermore, it has been pointed out that most MPAs are not necessarily managed effectively (Pomeroy et al 2005, Edgar et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions of marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Philippines observed through the MEAT database and a reality of evaluation system and the community based management in two MPA cases

Ito

Toda

Masuda

2017

Tropics

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It is well recognized that the marine resources of the Philippines are increasingly and severely damaged by climate change and human interventions, including overfishing and destructive fishing. To manage its marine resources, the government has implemented marine protected area (MPA) systems, expecting the involvement of local communities in its management. Although over 1,600 MPAs had been established by 2014, it is reported that they are not effectively managed. The purpose of the study is to determine the current conditions of MPAs in the Philippines using the MPA Management Effectiveness Assessment Tool (MEAT) developed in 2010, and to identify how MEAT reflects reality through interviews at two MPAs. The MEAT data analysis shows that MEAT has not yet been fully utilized and its information is not representative of all the MPAs in the country. So far, as based on the information provided by MEAT, less than half of the MPAs are effectively managed and management effectiveness is not related to the age of the MPA or evenly distributed across regions. The field study, although limited by the fact that it is based on only two MPAs, raises the question as to whether or not local evaluation has been conducted as intended. Unlike the high expectations of communities as effective MPA management entities, local people in the two cases rely more on local government. The results suggest the necessity of further studies on monitoring the MEAT evaluation process and the importance of field studies regarding the effectiveness of community-based MPA management.

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“…1 in green), which underlies operational management. Information derived from monitoring may be used by managers to improve the performance of their strategies by evaluating the effectiveness of management actions and contributing to transparency and accountability for improving future planning (Pomeroy et al 2005, Pullin and Stewart 2006, Hockings et al 2008. The information cycle includes the identification of information needs, implementing of monitoring, i.e., data collection and proper data management, and subsequent assessment and reporting to inform decision makers, managers, and stakeholders involved in ICM (Timmerman et al 2000).…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For Integrated Coastal Management (Icm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an effective adaptive monitoring network to support integrated coastal management in a multiuser nature reserve

Vugteveen¹,

Katwijk²,

Rouwette³

et al. 2015

E&S

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ABSTRACT. We elaborate the necessary conceptual and strategic elements for developing an effective adaptive monitoring network to support Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) in a multiuser nature reserve in the Dutch Wadden Sea Region. We discuss quality criteria and enabling actions essential to accomplish and sustain monitoring excellence to support ICM. The Wadden Sea Long-Term Ecosystem Research project (WaLTER) was initiated to develop an adaptive monitoring network and online data portal to better understand and support ICM in the Dutch Wadden Sea Region. Our comprehensive approach integrates ecological and socioeconomic data and links research-driven and policy-driven monitoring for system analysis using indicators of pressures, state, benefits, and responses. The approach and concepts we elaborated are transferable to other coastal regions to accomplish ICM in complex socialecological systems in which scientists, multisectoral stakeholders, resource managers, and governmental representatives seek to balance long-term ecological, economic, and social objectives within natural limits.

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How is your MPA doing? A methodology for evaluating the management effectiveness of marine protected areas

Cited by 254 publications

References 7 publications

Trajectories and magnitude of change in coral reef fish populations in Philippine marine reserves: a meta-analysis

Trajectories and magnitude of change in coral reef fish populations in Philippine marine reserves: a meta-analysis

Conditions of marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Philippines observed through the MEAT database and a reality of evaluation system and the community based management in two MPA cases

Developing an effective adaptive monitoring network to support integrated coastal management in a multiuser nature reserve

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