How incense and joss paper burning during the worship activities influences ambient mercury concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments of an Asian temple?

Shen, Huazhen; Tsai, Cheng-Mou; Yuan, Chung-Shin; Jen, Yi-Hsiu; Ie, Iau-Ren

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.159

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Previous studies have focused mostly on heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS), total gaseous mercury (TGM) and particulate mercury (PHg) emitted from the burning incense. 6 , 22 , 31 However, until now, very few studies have focused on other components of these incenses, such as size distribution, emission factors and total emissions of PM measured by burning the incense in an enclosed chamber.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-site measurement and simulation of indoor particulate matter distributed in a single room with stratified flow field

Lin

Yuan

Chen³

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

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This study combined on-site measurement and model simulation to characterize the spatial distribution of indoor particulate matter (PM) in a single room with stratified flow fields. The concentration of PM spatially distributed in a single room with natural ventilation was measured at different heights for different PM sizes. This study revealed that the PM concentration varied with height and time. Moreover, chamber test results showed that by burning Chinese worship incense, fine particles (PM0–4) accounted for 97.33% of total PM with an average emission factor of 39.54 mg/g. The results were then applied to determine the gross emission of PM and describe its spatial distribution in a single room. Model simulation results indicated that only a small amount of PM flowed out of the room due to the trap by an indoor vortex under natural ventilation. The results are crucial for characterizing the stratified PM concentration and determining the sites for PM monitoring in indoor environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-site measurement and simulation of indoor particulate matter distributed in a single room with stratified flow field

Lin

Yuan

Chen³

et al. 2020

Indoor and Built Environment

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…For most of the population of Taiwan, who are mainly Taoist or Buddhist, incense is associated with their religion and is used as a medium to communicate with their gods or ancestors; thus, it is an important trait of their religious behavior [42,43]. However, such emissions can produce PM and other chemical matters that can harm human health [44,45]. By increasing their knowledge of air pollution, participants changed their customs to improve their environments in the worship hall by reducing the number of incense sticks or by opening the windows while burning incense for worship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particulate Matter Education on Self-Care Knowledge Regarding Air Pollution, Symptom Changes, and Indoor Air Quality among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Guo

Chi

Hwang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The burden of illness resulting from adverse environmental exposure is significant. Numerous studies have examined self-care behaviors among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but seldom assess these behaviors in relation to air pollution. The study aims to examine the effects of particulate matter (PM) education on prevention and self-care knowledge regarding air pollution, symptom changes, and indoor PM concentration levels among patients with COPD. A longitudinal, quasi-experimental design using a generalized estimating equation examined the effectiveness of the education intervention. Participants were 63 patients with COPD, of whom only 25 received intervention. Levels of PM2.5 and PM10 decreased in the first-month follow-up in the experimental group. Improvement of knowledge and prevention regarding PM in the first and third months were also greater in the experimental group compared to the control. Regarding the COPD assessment test and physical domain scores, the experimental group exhibited a greater improvement in the first-month follow-up. Scores on the psychological domain significantly changed in the sixth-month follow-up. The PM education coordinated by nurses improved the health of participants, maintaining six-month effects. Further studies should evaluate the practice barriers and effects of health education on preventive self-care behaviors regarding indoor PM among patients with COPD.

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“…It can discharge into the atmosphere from a diversity of anthropogenic and natural sources. A substantial amount of observed mercury is transmitted from the burning process of fuels (36%) and biomass (33%) [39,40].…”

Section: Inorganic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Indoor Air Phytoremediation Using Potted Plants and Green Walls

et al. 2021

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Urban civilization has a high impact on the environment and human health. The pollution level of indoor air can be 2–5 times higher than the outdoor air pollution, and sometimes it reaches up to 100 times or more in natural/mechanical ventilated buildings. Even though people spend about 90% of their time indoors, the importance of indoor air quality is less noticed. Indoor air pollution can be treated with techniques such as chemical purification, ventilation, isolation, and removing pollutions by plants (phytoremediation). Among these techniques, phytoremediation is not given proper attention and, therefore, is the focus of our review paper. Phytoremediation is an affordable and more environmentally friendly means to purify polluted indoor air. Furthermore, studies show that indoor plants can be used to regulate building temperature, decrease noise levels, and alleviate social stress. Sources of indoor air pollutants and their impact on human health are briefly discussed in this paper. The available literature on phytoremediation, including experimental works for removing volatile organic compound (VOC) and particulate matter from the indoor air and associated challenges and opportunities, are reviewed. Phytoremediation of indoor air depends on the physical properties of plants such as interfacial areas, the moisture content, and the type (hydrophobicity) as well as pollutant characteristics such as the size of particulate matter (PM). A comprehensive summary of plant species that can remove pollutants such as VOCs and PM is provided. Sources of indoor air pollutants, as well as their impact on human health, are described. Phytoremediation and its mechanism of cleaning indoor air are discussed. The potential role of green walls and potted-plants for improving indoor air quality is examined. A list of plant species suitable for indoor air phytoremediation is proposed. This review will help in making informed decisions about integrating plants into the interior building design.

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How incense and joss paper burning during the worship activities influences ambient mercury concentrations in indoor and outdoor environments of an Asian temple?

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

On-site measurement and simulation of indoor particulate matter distributed in a single room with stratified flow field

On-site measurement and simulation of indoor particulate matter distributed in a single room with stratified flow field

Effects of Particulate Matter Education on Self-Care Knowledge Regarding Air Pollution, Symptom Changes, and Indoor Air Quality among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Current State of Indoor Air Phytoremediation Using Potted Plants and Green Walls

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