How Galling Organisms Manipulate the Secondary Metabolites in the Host Plant Tissues?: A Histochemical Overview in Neotropical Gall Systems

Kuster, Vinícius Coelho; Rezende, Uiara Costa; Cardoso, João Custódio Fernandes; Isaías, Rosy Mary dos Santos; Oliveira, Dênis Coelho de

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76887-8_29-1

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The histochemical detection of phenols in T A B L E 1 Phenol profiles detected by HPLC-DAD in methanol extracts of Tilia platyphyllos non-galled leaves and galls induced by Eriophyes tiliae: mean (± SD) concentration (mg mL −1 ), compared between plant organs by Student's or Welch's t-test. the outer tissues has been interpreted as a protective mechanism against natural enemies of the mites and environmental stresses (Kuster et al, 2019). Furthermore, the previous identification of phenols in the outermost tissues of E. tiliae galls (Guedes et al, 2023) could also be linked to defensive functions against natural enemies of the mites, especially considering that chlorogenic acid (Li et al, 2021;Kundu et al, 2018;Kundu & Vadassery, 2018) and epicatechin (Lopez et al, 2016;Zhao et al, 2021) have been recognized as effective antifeedants against herbivores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenolic compounds have been associated with defensive functions against enemies (Nyman & Julkunen‐Tiitto, 2000; Guedes et al., 2019) and gall morphogenesis through interactions with plant hormones that regulate cellular hypertrophy processes (Bedetti et al., 2014; Li et al., 2021). The histochemical detection of phenols in the outer gall tissues has been interpreted as a protective mechanism against natural enemies of the mites and environmental stresses (Kuster et al., 2019). Furthermore, the previous identification of phenols in the outermost tissues of E. tiliae galls (Guedes et al., 2023) could also be linked to defensive functions against natural enemies of the mites, especially considering that chlorogenic acid (Li et al., 2021; Kundu et al., 2018; Kundu & Vadassery, 2018) and epicatechin (Lopez et al., 2016; Zhao et al., 2021) have been recognized as effective antifeedants against herbivores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the galling mite Eriophyes tiliae alter the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Tilia platyphyllos in a high UV radiation environment?

Guedes,

Rodríguez‐Cerda,

Gavilán

et al. 2024

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Leaves of large‐leaved lime, Tilia platyphyllos Scop. (Malvaceae), harbor colonies of Eriophyes tiliae (Pagenstecher) (Acari: Eriophyidae), capable of modifying the leaf structure (inducer of nail‐galls) and physiology. The aerial organs of T. platyphyllos have traditionally been consumed for their high antioxidant capacity, related to the rich polyphenol profile. Here, we investigated the polyphenol profiles and antioxidant activity of T. platyphyllos non‐galled leaves and galls to determine the changes induced by the mite in a Chilean environment with high ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Phenolic compound identification in the methanol extracts of non‐galled leaves and galls was carried out through HPLC. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was quantified through spectrophotometry, and it was compared with the standards of the three major phenolic compounds of both organs. Nine phenolic compounds were detected in non‐galled leaves and galls, with no differences between the two organs, except for the absence of gallic acid in galls. The concentration of phenolic compounds did differ significantly between the two conditions. In leaf galls, epicatechin and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside concentrations and antioxidant capacity increased significantly compared to non‐galled leaves. As chlorogenic acid and cyanidin‐3‐glucoside are active phenols responding to UV radiation stress, their concentration in T. platyphyllos leaves could be a response to the high UV radiation occurring in Chile during spring and summer. The phenolic compounds detected here have been reported to be potent antioxidants, that are probably potentiated by E. tiliae for its own protection against UV‐B radiation, as the two most abundant compounds in the galls exhibited the highest capacity to reduce ABTS and DPPH radicals. However, we do not rule out the participation of phenolics in protection against natural enemies of the gall mite, as chlorogenic acid and epicatechin are powerful antifeedants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the galling mite Eriophyes tiliae alter the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Tilia platyphyllos in a high UV radiation environment?

Guedes,

Rodríguez‐Cerda,

Gavilán

et al. 2024

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Interactions involving host plants and galling insects are [6], but host plant species can host a variable number of galling insect species [7]. In most cases, the number of galling insect species per host plant species is usually one or two, although some host species can house more than 20 different galling species [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Super-host Plant Species of Galling Insects in the Neotropical Region

Grandez-Rios¹,

Pizango²,

Araújo³

2020

TOBIOJ

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Background: The term ‘super host’ plant is often used in the literature surrounding plant-galling interactions, but the different contexts in which the term is used generates doubt and confusion due to the absence of a systematic definition of the term’s meaning. Objective: In this study, we used 60 well-defined plant-galling assemblages to propose a systematic definition of super-host plants at the local and regional level. In addition, we investigated factors that explain the number of galling species per host plant at different geographic scales. Methods: Plant-galling assemblages were compiled from an extensive literature review on insect gall inventories carried out in Brazil. Results: We found 888 host plant species belonging to 94 families and 340 genera hosting 2,376 insect gall morphotypes. At a local scale, 33.2% of host plant species harbored one insect gall morphotype and 12.2% hosted two gall morphotypes, making up 45.4% of the host plant species in each locality. At the regional scale, 51.5% of host plant species harbored one insect gall morphotype, and 17.9% of host plant species hosted two gall morphotypes, corresponding to 69.4% of all host plant species. Based on the average number of galling species per plant species, we classified the plant species into: 1) Host species; 2) Multi-host species and 3) Super-host species. The super-host plant species that showed the greatest richness of gall morphotypes at the local level were Baccharis reticularia and Adenocalymma neoflavidu. Furthermore, we found a positive relationship between plant life-form architectural complexity and the number of galling species at the local level. At the regional scale, we registered five super-host species (Guapira opposita, Protium heptaphyllum, Copaifera langsdorffii, Myrcia splendens, and Byrsonima sericea) which hosted 21 or more insect gall morphotypes. The number of galling species per host plant species at the regional scale was influenced positively by geographic distribution rank and number of biomes in which each species of the plant occurs. Conclusion: The present study stands out as the first of its kind to provide a systematic standardization for the super-host plants and to investigate factors influencing these species.

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“…phenolics derivatives) are distributed in the outer cortices of galls, commonly associated with mechanical tissue. 30,31 These secondary compounds in the outer cortices of galls can provide defenses against natural enemies. 32,33 As a plant organ Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histochemical and physiological assays have helped to elucidate the chemical interactions between the dietary requirements of the galls and the chemical defensive arsenal of the host plants. 31 nonvolatile plant chemistry is known to be altered in the gall and surrounding leaf tissue. 45 Thus, the chemical changes in plant traits due to gall activity are associated with the feeding and protection strategies of galling insects in order to complete their developmental stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eavesdropping on gall–plant interactions: the importance of the signaling function of induced volatiles

Barônio

Oliveira

2019

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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The galling insect manipulates the host plant tissue to its own benefit, building the gall structure where it spends during most of its life cycle. These specialist herbivore insects can induce and manipulate plant structure and metabolism throughout gall development and may affect plant volatile emission. Consequently, volatile emission from altered metabolism contribute to eavesdropping cueing. Eavesdropping can be part of adaptive strategies used by evolution for both galling insects and the entire-associated community in order to cue some interaction response. This is in contrast to some herbivores associated with delayed induced responses, altering plant metabolites during the short time while they feed. Due to the different lifestyles of the galling organism, which are associated with different plant tissues and organs (e.g leaves, flowers or fruits), a distinct diversity of organisms may eavesdrop on induced volatiles interacting with the galls. Furthermore, the eavesdropping cues may be defined according to the phenological coupling between galling organism and host plant, which results from the development of a gall structure. For instance, when plants release volatile-induced defenses after galling insects' activity, another interactor may perceive these volatiles and change its behavior and interactions with host plants and galls. Thus, natural enemies could be attracted by different volatiles emitted by the gall tissues. Considering the duration of the life cycle of the galling organism and the gall, the temporal extent of gall-induced volatiles may include more persistent volatile cues and eavesdropping effects than the volatiles induced by non-galling herbivores. Accordingly, from chemical ecology perspective we expect that galling herbivore-induced volatiles may exhibit robust effects on neighboring-plant interactions including those ones during different plant developmental or phenological periods. Information about multitrophic interactions between insects and plants supports the additional understanding of direct and indirect effects, and allows insight into new hypotheses.

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How Galling Organisms Manipulate the Secondary Metabolites in the Host Plant Tissues?: A Histochemical Overview in Neotropical Gall Systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 73 publications

Can the galling mite Eriophyes tiliae alter the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Tilia platyphyllos in a high UV radiation environment?

Can the galling mite Eriophyes tiliae alter the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of Tilia platyphyllos in a high UV radiation environment?

Insights into Super-host Plant Species of Galling Insects in the Neotropical Region

Eavesdropping on gall–plant interactions: the importance of the signaling function of induced volatiles

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