How fast can the European eel (<i>Anguilla anguilla</i>) larvae cross the Atlantic Ocean?

Bonhommeau, Sylvain; Blanke, Bruno; Tréguier, Anne‐Marie; Grima, Nicolas; Rivot, Étienne; Vermard, Youen; Greiner, Eric; Pape, Olivier Le

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2009.00517.x

Cited by 58 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, the migration duration of European and American eel larvae from the Sargasso Sea to their respective continents remains unresolved and highly debated, although it is obvious that migration distance is much longer for European than for American eels. For European eels, migration time estimates range from 7 to 9 months to 2 years depending on the assumptions and methods used, whereas estimates for American eels range between 6 and 12 months (Bonhommeau et al, 2009). Different larval migration duration is also supported by a transcriptome study of larvae of both eel species collected in the Sargasso Sea (Bernatchez et al, 2011).…”

Section: Patterns Of Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Assessing patterns of hybridization between North Atlantic eels using diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphisms

et al. 2014

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The two North Atlantic eel species, the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and the American eel (Anguilla rostrata), spawn in partial sympatry in the Sargasso Sea, providing ample opportunity to interbreed. In this study, we used a RAD (Restriction site Associated DNA) sequencing approach to identify species-specific diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and design a low-density array that combined with screening of a diagnostic mitochondrial DNA marker. Eels from Iceland (N ¼ 159) and from the neighboring Faroe Islands (N ¼ 29) were genotyped, along with 94 larvae (49 European and 45 American eel) collected in the Sargasso Sea. Our SNP survey showed that the majority of Icelandic eels are pure European eels but there is also an important contribution of individuals of admixed ancestry (10.7%). Although most of the hybrids were identified as F1 hybrids from European eel female Â American eel male crosses, backcrosses were also detected, including a first-generation backcross (F1 hybrid Â pure European eel) and three individuals identified as second-generation backcrosses originating from American eel Â F1 hybrid backcrosses interbreeding with pure European eels. In comparison, no hybrids were observed in the Faroe Islands, the closest bodies of land to Iceland. It is possible that hybrids show an intermediate migratory behaviour between the two parental species that ultimately brings hybrid larvae to the shores of Iceland, situated roughly halfway between the Sargasso Sea and Europe. Only two hybrids were observed among Sargasso Sea larvae, both backcrosses, but no F1 hybrids, that points to temporal variation in the occurrence of hybridization.

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Section: Patterns Of Hybridizationmentioning

confidence: 74%

Assessing patterns of hybridization between North Atlantic eels using diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphisms

et al. 2014

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“…vertical-horizontal pairings). of tens of meters can lead to dramatic changes in horizontal transport, retention and connectivity (Bonhommeau et al, 2009;Corell et al, 2012;Domingues et al, 2012;Drake et al, 2013;Marta-Almeida et al, 2006;Paris et al, 2007;Petersen et al, 2010). Horizontal swimming, known to be important for adults of many species, is increasingly invoked as a method to regulate retention and dispersal by allowing larvae to navigate toward suitable settlement sites near the end of the larval phase Cowen and Sponaugle, 2009;Leis, 2006;Staaterman et al, 2012;Staaterman and Paris, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoreward swimming boosts modeled nearshore larval supply and pelagic connectivity in a coastal upwelling region

Drake

Edwards

Morgan

et al. 2018

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…Over the past decade, simulation approaches to quantifying larval connectivity have grown in prominence and have been used to investigate the scales of larval dispersal (16)(17)(18)24), the population genetic structure of nearshore species (25,26), and processes affecting the composition of nearshore communities (27), to name a few examples. Here, our goal is to use ocean circulation simulations to explore how nearshore metapopulations respond to perturbation and to identify specific nearshore regions that are key to metapopulation robustness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying critical regions in small-world marine metapopulations

Watson

Siegel

Kendall³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

109

118

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The precarious state of many nearshore marine ecosystems has prompted the use of marine protected areas as a tool for management and conservation. However, there remains substantial debate over their design and, in particular, how to best account for the spatial dynamics of nearshore marine species. Many commercially important nearshore marine species are sedentary as adults, with limited home ranges. It is as larvae that they disperse greater distances, traveling with ocean currents sometimes hundreds of kilometers. As a result, these species exist in spatially complex systems of connected subpopulations. Here, we explicitly account for the mutual dependence of subpopulations and approach protected area design in terms of network robustness. Our goal is to characterize the topology of nearshore metapopulation networks and their response to perturbation, and to identify critical subpopulations whose protection would reduce the risk for stock collapse. We define metapopulation networks using realistic estimates of larval dispersal generated from ocean circulation simulations and spatially explicit metapopulation models, and we then explore their robustness using node-removal simulation experiments. Nearshore metapopulations show small-world network properties, and we identify a set of highly connected hub subpopulations whose removal maximally disrupts the metapopulation network. Protecting these subpopulations reduces the risk for systemic failure and stock collapse. Our focus on catastrophe avoidance provides a unique perspective for spatial marine planning and the design of marine protected areas.connectivity | larval dispersal | protected area design | network theory | Lagrangian simulations N earshore marine ecosystems are some of the most productive and diverse environments on earth, maintaining a wide variety of organisms and providing essential food and services to the global population. Unfortunately, they are also under increasing stress from perturbations, such as oil spills, climate change, and overfishing, and are at risk for losing their productive output (1, 2). Mitigating the impacts of these perturbations is difficult because most nearshore marine species exist in a spatially complex system of connected subpopulations; stress placed at one location may detrimentally reduce stock levels at many others (3, 4). Quantifying patterns of connectivity is crucial to our ability to manage these systems effectively. For example, marine protected areas (MPAs) have emerged as an important tool for conservation and fisheries managers tasked with maintaining nearshore systems and accounting for the mutual demographic dependence of populations (3-9). Current approaches to their design center on either protecting essential habitats (5, 6, 9) or maximizing economic goals (10, 11). We provide an alternative and consider the design of MPAs as a problem of metapopulation network robustness, here defined as the ability of a system to withstand perturbation (12). Our goal is to account for patterns of connectivity and...

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How fast can the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) larvae cross the Atlantic Ocean?

Cited by 58 publications

References 49 publications

Assessing patterns of hybridization between North Atlantic eels using diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphisms

Assessing patterns of hybridization between North Atlantic eels using diagnostic single-nucleotide polymorphisms

Shoreward swimming boosts modeled nearshore larval supply and pelagic connectivity in a coastal upwelling region

Identifying critical regions in small-world marine metapopulations

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