How efficient are constructed wetlands in removing pharmaceuticals from untreated and treated urban wastewaters? A review

Verlicchi, Paola; Zambello, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.085

Cited by 287 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…After harvest, 3e5 plants were sampled from every plot (above the ground) to determine dry matter mass and the plant's total nitrogen (H 2 SO 4 -mixed accelerator-distillation). After the tomato was uprooted, 24 irrigators were selected from every plot so as to determine flow quantity of the irrigator under the pressure of 0.10 MPa (GB/T 17188-1997) (Verlicchi and Zambello, 2014;Saumya et al, 2015) and also determine the flow quantity of the new irrigator and evaluate the blocking degree of the irrigator by the flow quantity reduction percentage.…”

Section: Item To Be Determined and Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of drip irrigation by reclaimed water on the dynamic change of the nitrogen element in soil and tomato yield and quality

Zhang

Liang

2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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þd N in topsoil is: drip irrigation by reclaimed water > drip irrigation by 50% reclaimed water > drip irrigation by groundwater, the concentration of NH 4 þ -N is higher at the depth of 0e40 cm with almost no accumulation of NH 4 þ -N below the depth of 40 cm NO 3 -N presence in soil slightly increases across the entire growth period with irrigation by reclaimed water. Irrigation by reclaimed water increases tomato yield and irrigation water use efficiency, and has an improved taste index indicated by an improved soluble sugar and titratable acidity content of the fruit without any obvious adverse influence on the nutritive indexes such as Vc soluble solid. The shortening of the irrigation period and increase in buried depth of drip irrigation tape are to promote an increase in tomato yield and irrigation water use efficiency to carry out drip irrigation by reclaimed water under the condition of having a shorter irrigation period and a greater depth of drip irrigation tape and to yield a higher rate of water conservation.

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Section: Item To Be Determined and Experiments Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of drip irrigation by reclaimed water on the dynamic change of the nitrogen element in soil and tomato yield and quality

Zhang

Liang

2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…[57] Furthermore, diazepam was found at a median concentration of 3 ng g À1 dry weight, which was ,7 times lower than that reported for sludge from France. [57] Barbiturates: phenobarbital and pentobarbital A few studies have reported on the fate and occurrence of phenobarbital and pentobarbital in wastewater treatment plants [11,98,99] (Table 17). Low concentrations of pentobarbital were found, but because pentobarbital is not widely used, its presence was attributed to the metabolism of thiopental, an anaesthetic that belongs also to the class of barbiturates.…”

Section: Lysergic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants: a review

Asimakopoulos

Kannan

2016

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewaters are of increasing environmental concern. We compile the recent literature and evaluate the concentrations and profiles of various drugs and their removal efficiencies in wastewater treatment plants. The sewage epidemiology approach, used in the estimation of drug usage in communities, is discussed, and we make recommendations for future research in this area.Abstract. Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs encompass a broad range of compounds including opioids, amphetamine-type stimulants, cannabinoids, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antipsychotics, anaesthetics, anti-epileptics and mood stabilisers, lysergic compounds, sympathomimetic amines and cocaine derivatives. In this article, we review studies on the occurrence and fate of these drugs in wastewater treatment plants. In general, among various drugs studied, the concentrations and detection frequencies of opioids and cocaine derivatives were the highest in wastewaters. The forensic analysis of wastewaters suggests that cocaine and opioids usage has increased. Given the fact that data on drug usage can be used for making regulatory decisions and policies, this review focuses on understanding the sources and environmental dynamics of neuropsychiatric and illicit drugs. There is a pressing need for more research on the magnitude and extent of illicit drug consumption. The 'sewage epidemiology' approach, currently applied in the estimation of illicit drug consumption in communities, is reviewed. The field of wastewater research has been advancing in multipronged paths, incorporating concepts in analytical chemistry, organic chemistry, environmental chemistry, biochemistry, sewage engineering, drug epidemiology and statistics. Future prospects with regard to the occurrence and environmental fate of illicit and psychoactive drugs are recommended.

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“…Similarly, the removal efficiencies of caffeine in the planted beds (93.0 %) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in the unplanted beds (81.4 %). In a previous review conducted by Verlicchi and Zambello (2014), average caffeine removal efficiencies of 84 % in HSSF CWs and 62 % for the unplanted wetlands were reported. By comparison, the relatively higher removal efficiencies for caffeine observed in the present study (81.4 and 93.0 % in the unplanted and planted mesocosms) might be due to the tropical environment, since microorganisms living in CWs typically attain their optimal activity at 25°C (Truu et al 2009).…”

Section: Performance Of Wetland Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent review on the occurrence and fate of 137 micropollutants, Verlicchi and Zambello (2014) reported that caffeine has typically been detected in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) at concentrations ranging from 0.22 to 209 μg L −1 in influent and up to 43.5 μg L −1 in effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of microbial communities in wetland mesocosms receiving caffeine-enriched wastewater

Zhang

Luo

Lee

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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A 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing approach was used to characterize the structures of microbial communities in wetland mesocosms receiving caffeine-enriched wastewater at a concentration of 250 μg L −1. The removal efficiencies of caffeine in the planted beds (93.0 %) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in the unplanted beds (81.4 %). Bacterial diversity was decreased by 25 and 22.4 %, respectively, in both planted and unplanted mesocosms after 210-day operation. The results of taxonomic analyses suggested that chronic exposure of wetland ecosystems to caffeine could lead to moderate shifts in microbial community composition. In total, 2156 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were generated and 20 phyla comprising 260 genera were identified. The major phylogenetic groups at phylum level included Firmicutes (39 %), Actinobacteria (25.1 %), Proteobacteria (17.1 %), Synergistetes (5.6 %), and Chloroflexi (5.5 %).Bacilli and Synergistia increased in abundance in the planted mesocosms, while for the unplanted mesocosms, Actinobacterial, Clostridia and Betaproteobacteria exhibited increased proportion under the exposure of caffeine. At genus level, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Streptococcus were found to be increased in abundance after caffeine treatment. As for the response of fungal community to caffeine enrichment, genus like Cladosporium, Emericellopsis, Aspergillus, and Phoma were found to be resistant to caffeine disturbance. When compared to the microbial community between planted and unplanted mesocosms, a distinct community profile for both bacteria and fungi community was observed. The presence of plants had a remarkable effect on the structure of microbial community, helping buffer against the stress associated with caffeine exposure.

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How efficient are constructed wetlands in removing pharmaceuticals from untreated and treated urban wastewaters? A review

Cited by 287 publications

References 93 publications

Influence of drip irrigation by reclaimed water on the dynamic change of the nitrogen element in soil and tomato yield and quality

Influence of drip irrigation by reclaimed water on the dynamic change of the nitrogen element in soil and tomato yield and quality

Neuropsychiatric pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in wastewater treatment plants: a review

Characterization of microbial communities in wetland mesocosms receiving caffeine-enriched wastewater

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