How does long trip affect on driving performance, eye blinks and awareness of sleepiness among commercial drivers? A naturalistic driving test study

Abstract

Abstract. A total of 120 commercial drivers from four age groups participated in the expressway driving test in Shandong, China, to perform continuous driving tasks of 2, 3, and 4 h and collect the data on the driver's blinking, driving performance, and self-reported level of sleepiness. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to evaluate the e ects of driving duration on the variation of the eye-blink behavior, driving performance, and subjective feeling of sleepiness across the di erent age groups over the time periods tested. Additionally, Pearson product-moment correlation was used to quantify the association between the variations of the dependent variables. The results showed that there was signi cant di erence between groups, signi cant e ect over time, and signi cant interaction between the age and driving duration in the variations of the driver's blink frequency, blink duration, closure duration, speed perception, choice reaction time, the number of incorrect action judgments, and subjective level of sleepiness. However, a signi cant di erence varied over time, yet no e ect of the interaction between groups and time was found in the variation of the driver's attention allocation value. Furthermore, driver's eye blink measures were more sensitive to sleepiness, and older drivers were more likely to get sleepy in long distance driving.

Vital Sign Monitoring in Car Seats Based on Electrocardiography, Ballistocardiography and Seismocardiography: A Review

“…In parallel, a multi-sensor system consisting of infrared thermometer and reflective optical sensor for measuring pulse oximetry and skin temperature implemented in the S-Class Mercedes was published by Heuer et al [ 98 ]. In parallel, D’Angelo et al [ 8 , 9 ] demonstrated a multi-sensor system integrated into the steering wheel of the BMW 730d test vehicle, which enabled pulse oximetry and conductive ECG scanning. They applied a similar design to the one proposed by Jeong et al [ 94 ], which integrated the electrodes into the steering wheel, the gear shift and the left armrest.…”

“…Even a short diversion caused by a reflection in the rear-view mirror can affect the whole journey and lead to major accidents [ 5 , 6 ]. Long journeys also lead to fatigue; therefore, it can be very challenging to keep constant attention on the road [ 7 , 8 ]. As living standards increase, so does the number of vehicles and thus the density of traffic and the number of traffic accidents [ 9 , 10 ].…”

“…As living standards increase, so does the number of vehicles and thus the density of traffic and the number of traffic accidents [ 9 , 10 ]. Numerous researchers are currently working on various driver response systems, which can measure various life functions of the driver in order to monitor his/her alertness [ 2 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. These systems mainly detect fatigue, stress and the driver’s health condition.…”

Investigating Crash Risks and Driving Performance Among the Oil and Gas Industry Workers

“…Furthermore, a study done in China on commercial drivers found that as the age of the drivers increased, there was a higher likelihood they would get sleepy in long-distance driving. Similarly, as the professional drivers' age increased, cognitive speed and reaction time were impacted (Wang et al, 2019).…”

Driver Sleepiness Detection Algorithm Based on Relevance Vector Machine

“…In China, there were 244 937 road crashes in 2018, resulting in 63 194 fatalities and 258 532 injuries. Fifteen percent of these crashes were reported to be directly or indirectly associated with driver drowsiness (Wang, Ma, & Wei, 2019a). In Europe, the average prevalence of falling asleep at the wheel in 2014 and 2015 was 17%.…”