How do we know if managed realignment for coastal habitat compensation is successful? Insights from the implementation of the EU Birds and Habitats Directive in England.

Brady, Abigail; Boda, Chad

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.11.013

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For instance, water depth, sediment supply, tidal range and vegetation density are factors that affect NbS effectiveness and must be verified in the field as they are site-specific (Pontee et al, 2016). Readily available effectiveness data on implemented small to mid-sized coastal NbS is still scarce, and projects are often lacking on clearly defined baselines that allow a realistic comparison between site conditions before and after the NbS project is executed (Brady and Boda, 2017;Chausson et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal and Estuarine Areas of Europe

Moraes

Reguero

Mazarrasa

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Momentum for sustainable and climate resilience solutions for coastal protection are growing globally given the pressing need to prevent further loss of biodiversity and ecosystems while meeting the climate change adaptation and mitigation goals. Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) represent an opportunity to align environmental and resilience goals, at a time of strained budgets in a global context and when short-term needs may run counter to long-term goals. In Europe, NbS fit the mandates of major EU environmental and climate change policies by restoring biodiversity and enhancing climate-resilience and carbon sequestration. Previous studies have compiled scientific evidence about hydro-meteorological hazards for the use of NbS. However, their implementation at scale is still lacking. As the knowledge and experience with NbS for adaptation to natural hazards and climate change increases, it becomes more important to draw lessons learned and insights for replicating and scaling up NbS, especially in coastal areas where their implementation is still limited compared to other environments. This study analyzed NbS case studies across European coastal and estuarine areas to draw key lessons, understand better the current status of implementation, and identify key challenges and gaps. From a total of 59 NbS case studies associated with flooding, erosion and biodiversity loss, results show an increase in NbS implementation since 1990s, but most rapidly between 2005 and 2015. Most of the case studies are hybrid solutions employing wetlands, predominantly located in the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands. Funding of NbS is largely from public sources, and rarely come from a single or a private source. Three-quarters of the case studies reported monitoring activities, but more than half did not disclose quantitative results related to effectiveness against flooding and/or erosion. The need to improve coastal defenses was indicated as the main motivation for NbS implementation over traditional structures, while sustainability was the most mentioned additional reason. Although a variety of co-benefits and lessons learned was identified, clearer descriptions and enhanced details of such information are required. There is a need for tools and strategies to expand knowledge sharing of lessons learned to enable further replication of successful cases in other areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal and Estuarine Areas of Europe

Moraes

Reguero

Mazarrasa

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…This dataset will therefore support the study of various saltmarsh processes such as headward erosion 22 , seed dispersal 23 , development of vegetation patches 24 , tidal flow and sediment transport 25 , marsh flow attenuation 26 , and carbon storage 27 , and facilitate the interpretation of local observations at the scale of the entire saltmarsh. There is a strong need to conduct such surveys because current MR schemes often fail to provide the same ecosystem services as their natural counterparts 28 , 29 , and do not replicate the full plant diversity of natural wetlands 30 . If not addressed properly, this could lower their value as wetland loss mitigation schemes.…”

Section: Background and Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological evolution of creek networks in 10 restored coastal wetlands in the UK

et al. 2022

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Coastal wetlands provide crucial ecosystem services including flood protection and carbon storage, but are being lost rapidly worldwide to the combined effects of sea-level rise, erosion and coastal urbanisation. Managed Realignment (MR) aims to mitigate for these losses by restoring reclaimed land to tidal influence. Data of creek evolution is critical to assess the performance of design strategies and improve design and implementation practices. This data descriptor provides a dataset of the horizontal morphological evolution of creek systems from various initial conditions in 10 MR schemes across the UK. Using a semi-automated workflow, morphological creek parameters were extracted from 52 lidar datasets at 1 m horizontal resolution spanning 2 to 20 years post-breach. This constitutes the most comprehensive systematic monitoring of MR creek morphology to date. The dataset will assist future MR design and provide baseline morphological information for ecological and biogeochemical surveying.

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“…In order to assess the success (or failure) of an offset, there must be a set definition of what constitutes adequate/required compensation, as well as a timeframe for the delivery of this compensation (Brady & Boda, 2016). Biodiversity offset milestones should be measured against an appropriate baseline, ideally the counterfactual (Lindenmayer et al, 2017), as well as appropriate completion criteria (May et al, 2017).…”

Section: Monitoring and Measures Of Offset Successmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity Offsets Can Be a Valuable Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Developing a Holistic Model for Biodiversity Offsets That Incorporates Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Sustainable Development

Abdo¹,

Kemp²,

Coupland³

et al. 2019

JSD

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The interpretation and use of biodiversity offsets in planning and development is a contentious issue because they rarely encompass each of the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainable development. While currently agreed best practice for biodiversity offsets includes consideration of scope, scale, location, timing and duration, and monitoring, current literature on these components does not consider all aspects of sustainable development. Furthermore, much of the current agreed best practice focusses on the design of biodiversity offsets, without consideration of ongoing management or end-of-life. This manuscript reviews current best practice for biodiversity offsets, giving consideration to the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainable development. In particular, we report that consideration of cost and risk is key and the use of planning frameworks, bonds and advanced offsets could mitigate these risks and allow for long-term success. Following this approach, a holistic model for design, implementation and ongoing management of direct biodiversity offsets that balances all aspects of sustainable development is presented.

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How do we know if managed realignment for coastal habitat compensation is successful? Insights from the implementation of the EU Birds and Habitats Directive in England.

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal and Estuarine Areas of Europe

Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal and Estuarine Areas of Europe

Morphological evolution of creek networks in 10 restored coastal wetlands in the UK

Biodiversity Offsets Can Be a Valuable Tool in Achieving Sustainable Development Developing a Holistic Model for Biodiversity Offsets That Incorporates Environmental, Social and Economic Aspects of Sustainable Development

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