How Do High Levels of Wind and Solar Impact the Grid? The Western Wind and Solar Integration Study

Abstract

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A Short-Term Ensemble Wind Speed Forecasting System for Wind Power Applications

“…Since power output of a wind farm is a function of the wind-speed, power generation can vary from timescales of less than a minute to several days or weeks [Lew et al, 2010]. The wind power industry thus needs accurate wind-speed forecasts for the timescale of several minutes to several years for a wide range of applications including turbine blade pitch control, conversion systems control, load scheduling, maintenance scheduling and resource planning [Stetsos, 2000;Costa et al, 2008].…”

Wind and Solar Energy for Reducing Electricity Deficits in Karnataka

“…Lew et al 4 studied the operational impact of up to 35% energy penetration of wind, photovoltaics (PVs), and concentrating solar power (CSP) on the power system in southwestern United States. They showed that it is operationally feasible to accommodate 30% wind and 5% solar energy penetration.…”

“…Most electrical grids are able to incorporate variable renewables when the penetration of renewables is small without the need for storage mechanisms 4 . When the penetration of renewables becomes large, some sort of storage mechanism becomes necessary.…”

Survey of Western U.S. electric utility resource plans

“…There are inherent challenges with increased penetration of variable generation sources like wind and solar, which can be addressed with increased balancing area cooperation and greater system flexibility (Lew et al, 2010). However, without broader cooperation and planning, these challenges can lead to peaking plants built predominantly to support intermittent renewable generation.…”