How do glutathione antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status respond to air pollution exposure?

Farhat, Zeinab; Browne, Richard W.; Bonner, Matthew R.; Tian, Lili; Deng, Furong; Swanson, Mya

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.033

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Many studies demonstrated that Se as an integral part of GPx increases antioxidant capacity of intracellular redox system (GSH/GSSG) and reduces cellular damage by preventing accumulation of free radical species [59,60]. GSH as an antioxidant effectively removes free radicals and other reactive oxygen species through the GPx activity, which oxidizes GSH to GSSG, and the action of NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase, which generates GSH [61]. Some types of GPxs are Se-dependent, while others are not.…”

Section: Selenium and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, studies in vitro and in vivo, reviewed in [68], revealed that both Se compounds and selenoproteins act as anti-metastatic agents due to inhibiting various cancer cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis. the GPx activity, which oxidizes GSH to GSSG, and the action of NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase, which generates GSH [61]. Some types of GPxs are Se-dependent, while others are not.…”

Section: Selenium and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selenium Anticancer Properties and Impact on Cellular Redox Status

et al. 2020

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(1) Background: In this review, we provide information published in recent years on the chemical forms, main biological functions and especially on antioxidant and prooxidant activities of selenium. The main focus is put on the impact of selenoproteins on maintaining cellular redox balance and anticancerogenic function. Moreover, we summarize data on chemotherapeutic application of redox active selenium compounds. (2) Methods: In the first section, main aspects of metabolism and redox activity of selenium compounds is reviewed. The second outlines multiple biological functions, asserted when selenium is incorporated into the structure of selenoproteins. The final section focuses on anticancer activity of selenium and chemotherapeutic application of redox active selenium compounds as well. (3) Results: optimal dietary level of selenium ensures its proper antioxidant and anticancer activity. We pay special attention to antioxidant activities of selenium compounds, especially selenoproteins, and their importance in antioxidant defence. It is worth noting, that data on selenium anticancer properties is still contraversive. Moreover, selenium compounds as chemotherapeutic agents usually are used at supranutritional doses. (4) Conclusions: Selenium play a vital role for many organism systems due to its incorporation into selenoproteins structure. Selenium possesses antioxidant activity at optimal doses, while at supranutritional doses, it displays prooxidant activity. Redox active selenium compounds can be used for cancer treatment; recently special attention is put to selenium containing nanoparticles.

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Section: Selenium and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selenium and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Anticancer Properties and Impact on Cellular Redox Status

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, GSH serves as a cysteine reservoir with a proton-donating sulfhydryl function, which allows GSH to act as an antioxidant. In its role as an antioxidant, GSH effectively removes free radicals and other reactive oxygen species through the GPx activity [5], which oxidizes GSH to GSSG, and the action of NADPH-dependent glutathione reductase, which generates GSH [3]. In the presence of GSH, glutathione-Stransferase activity detoxifies xenobiotics and various physiological metabolites to form mercapturates and reactivated glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [6].…”

Section: Glutathione System 21 Structure and Functions Of The Glutatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GSH redox cycle is a major source of protection against mild oxidative stress with the GPx, antioxidant enzyme that oxidizes GSH to GSSG to protect cells against the proliferation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS), sparing them from oxidative damage, while catalase is becoming increasingly important in protecting against severe oxidative stress [3, 6, 10]. The Glutathione system with synthesis routes and pentose phosphates: the enzymes that catalyze the reactions are (1) GPxs, (2) superoxide dismutase, (3) NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial respiratory complexes, (4) glutathione reductase, (5) gluco-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, (6) γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, (7) γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase, (8) γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, (9) glutathione synthetase, (10) variation in the erythrocyte GSH system without nuclear capacity to restore homeostasis may be an early biomarker of chronic oxidative stress that could be a first step in the development of cardiometabolic complications. If the cells are overwhelmed by the intensity of the oxidative stress, they die by necrosis or apoptosis [13].…”

Section: Gpx Oxidative Stress and Cardiometabolic Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcellular Localization of Glutathione Peroxidase, Change in Glutathione System during Ageing and Effects on Cardiometabolic Risks and Associated Diseases

Fundu¹,

Kapepula²,

Esimo³

et al. 2020

Glutathione System and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease

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Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a selenoprotein with biological properties that allow the detoxification of endogenous or exogenous reactive oxygen species as well as the elimination of xenobiotic compounds in the cells. Due to its isoform activities and pathophysiological functions, GPx holds the status of a redox system (GSH/ GSSG) in the glutathione (GSH) system to prevent oxidative damage of cellular constituents. As such, the GPx is the first line of defense against free radicals. Its deficiency causes oxidative stress that not only promotes the oxidation of proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) but also leads to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and metabolic alterations, which expose to high risk for cardiometabolic disorders due to cardiovascular and degenerative diseases especially when associated with aging. This work presents a review of different studies done on the localization of GPx in subcellular organelles, activity changes during cellular aging, their effects on cardiometabolic risks, and associated diseases.

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“…In 2008, Farhat and other researchers measured enzymes levels in Olympic athletes: before, during and after the Beijing Olympics. The results showed that the level of enzymes changed according to air pollution [7] In 2017, Taylan's research found that high levels of ozone are a major cause of air pollution [8].…”

Section: Health Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Pollution Prediction using Machine Learning Algorithms

Aljuaid,

Alwabel

2019

IJEAT

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Air pollution has a serious impact on human health. It occurs because of natural and man-made factors. The major contribution of this research is that it provides a comparison between different methodologies and techniques of mathematical and machine learning models. The process began with integrating data from different sources at different time interval. The preprocessing phase resulted in two different datasets: one-hour and five-minute datasets. Next, we established a forecasting model for particulate matter PM2.5, which is one of the most prevalent air pollutants and its concentration affects air quality. Additionally, we completed a multivariate analysis to predict the PM2.5 value and check the effects of other air pollutants, traffic, and weather. The algorithms used are support vector regression, k-nearest neighbors and decision tree models. The results showed that for the one-hour data set, of the three algorithms, support vector regression has the least root-mean-square error (RMSE) and also lowest value in mean absolute error (MAE). Alternatively, for the five-minute dataset, we found that the auto-regression model showed the least RMSE and MAE; however, this model only predicts short-term PM2.5.

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How do glutathione antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status respond to air pollution exposure?

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

Selenium Anticancer Properties and Impact on Cellular Redox Status

Selenium Anticancer Properties and Impact on Cellular Redox Status

Subcellular Localization of Glutathione Peroxidase, Change in Glutathione System during Ageing and Effects on Cardiometabolic Risks and Associated Diseases

Air Pollution Prediction using Machine Learning Algorithms

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