How can urban green spaces be planned for climate adaptation in subtropical cities?

Yu, Zhaowu; Guo, Xieying; Jørgensen, Gertrud; Vejre, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.07.002

Cited by 220 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Typically, the UHI effect can be quantified based on the measurement of near-surface air temperature (referred to as atmospheric UHIs) or land surface temperature (referred to as surface UHIs) [11,12]. Facilitated by readily available remotely sensed data, recent studies have increasingly focused on land surface temperature (LST) as a direct indicator of the surface UHI effect to study how UHIs are shaped by an array of environmental and anthropogenic determinants [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing and Social Sensing Data Reveal Scale-Dependent and System-Specific Strengths of Urban Heat Island Determinants

Luan

Zhang

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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Urban natural surfaces and non-surface human activities are key factors determining the urban heat island (UHI), but their relative importance remains highly controversial and may vary at different spatial scales and focal urban systems. However, systematic studies on the scale-dependency system-specificity remain largely lacking. Here, we selected 32 major Chinese cities as cases and used Landsat 8 images to retrieve land surface temperature (LST) and quantify natural surface variables using point of interest (POI) data as a measure of the human activity variable and using multiple regression and relative weight analysis to study the contribution and relative importance of these factors to LST at a range of grain sizes (0.25–5 km) and spatial extents (20–60 km). We revealed that the contributions and relative importance of natural surfaces and human activities are largely scale-dependent and system-specific. Natural surfaces, especially vegetation cover, are often the most important UHI determinants for a majority of scales, but the importance of non-surface human activities is increasingly pronounced at a coarser spatial scale with respect to both grain and spatial extent. The scaling relations of the UHI determinants and their relative importance were mostly linear-like at the city-collective level, but highly diverse across individual cities, so reducing non-surface heat emissions could be the most effective measure in particular cases, especially at relatively large spatial scales. This study advances the understanding of UHI formation mechanisms and highlights the complexity of the scale issue underpinning the UHI effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing and Social Sensing Data Reveal Scale-Dependent and System-Specific Strengths of Urban Heat Island Determinants

Luan

Zhang

et al. 2020

Remote Sensing

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“…In recent decades, climate change and rapid urbanization have become two major issues related to human welfare and development around the world [1]. Ample effort has been devoted to urban climatic studies in urban planning, which is challenging for both climatologists and urban planners [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning Green Space for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: A Review of Green Space in the Central City of Beijing

Li¹

2018

URP

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The ongoing rapid urbanization and its socio-economic impacts on Chinese cities have engendered numerous environmental issues, food insecurity and significant stress on water resources besides accelerating some ecological degradation. Among these issues, urban-heat-island (UHI) and climate change in large cities had drawn much attention so that many researches on climate change adaptation and mitigation emerged in recent years. How to make the cities cool down and more liveable is more important than before for urban planning. Urban planners have been placing more stress on green space planning and the green environment of cities where dwellers crowd together. This paper is a review of green space in the Central City of Beijing under current situation and puts forward some advice on green space planning in responding to the climate change in the new era of China. Planning green space with the principal objective of "green-sponge-city" and the key concept of "low-carbon-city" is the primary adaptation and mitigation approach to climate change for urban planners and policymakers. No doubt, more attention and support from the government regarding strengthening green space systems in response to climate change will improve the liveability, resilience, and sustainability of cities in China.

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“…Second, at-sensor spectral radiance was converted to at-sensor brightness temperature. After calculating the brightness temperature values, the LST was converted as follows [3,47]:…”

Section: Lst Retrievalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an important part of urban green infrastructures, the function of urban green space is also related to the quality of the local environment and the health of the residents [1,2], and plays an important role in urban ecosystems, which can reduce greenhouse gas, regulate the urban microclimate [3], reduce energy consumption [4,5], and maintain ecological security [6,7], which are among a wide range of ecosystem services [8]. The cooling effect of urban green space is regarded as an ecosystem regulating service [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variation of Urban Thermal Environment and Its Relation to Green Space Patterns: Implication to Sustainable Landscape Planning

Wu¹,

Zhang

2018

Sustainability

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Abstract:The rapid changes of land covers in urban areas are one of major environmental concerns because of their environmental impacts. Such land cover changes include the transformation of green space to impervious surface, and the increase of land surface temperature (LST). The objective of this study was to examine the spatial variation of urban landscape composition and configuration, as well as their influences on LST in Suzhou City, China. Landsat-8 image was processed to extract land covers and retrieve LSTs that were used to study relationship between spatial variation of LST and land covers. The results indicated that there was a significantly negative correlation between mean LST and green space coverage along the urban-rural gradients. With every 10% increased green space coverage, the mean LST drop was about 1.41 • C. A grid-base analysis performed at various grid sizes indicated that an increase in the percentage of surface water body area has a greater cooling effect of the mean LST than a vegetation increase. The mean LST had a significantly negative correlation with both the shape and aggregation indexes of the green space patches. Our results suggest that the sustainable landscape planning of green space in a typical city with a large water area should include both the vegetation and the surface water covers. The increased percentage of vegetation and surface water covers had the greatest cooling effect on an urban thermal environment, which is one of the ecosystem services that green space provides. A dense distribution of green space patches with complex shapes should be considered in urban sustainable landscape planning for increasing ecosystem services.

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How can urban green spaces be planned for climate adaptation in subtropical cities?

Cited by 220 publications

References 42 publications

Remote Sensing and Social Sensing Data Reveal Scale-Dependent and System-Specific Strengths of Urban Heat Island Determinants

Remote Sensing and Social Sensing Data Reveal Scale-Dependent and System-Specific Strengths of Urban Heat Island Determinants

Planning Green Space for Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation: A Review of Green Space in the Central City of Beijing

Spatial Variation of Urban Thermal Environment and Its Relation to Green Space Patterns: Implication to Sustainable Landscape Planning

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