How Best to Enable Support for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS? A Policy Case Study in Tanzania

Mamdani, Masuma; Rajani, Rakesh; Leach, Valerie

doi:10.1111/j.1759-5436.2008.tb00495.x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Despite the challenges, several good policies exist, but, the problem is one on implementing them; i.e. putting policies into practice, effectively and equitably [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening national capacities for researching on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) towards informing and addressing health inequities in Tanzania

Mtenga

Masanja

Mamdani

2016

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundTanzania’s socio-economic development is challenged by sharp inequities between and within urban and rural areas, and among different socio-economic groups. This paper discusses the importance of strengthening SDH research, knowledge, relevant capacities and responsive systems towards addressing health inequities in Tanzania.MethodsBased on a conceptual framework for building SDH research capacity, a mapping of existing research systems was undertaken between February and June 2012. It involved a review of national policies, strategies and published SDH-related research outputs from 2005 onwards, and 34 in-depth interviews with a range of stakeholders in Tanzania.ResultsThe conceptualization of SDH varies considerably among stakeholders and their professional background, but with some consensus that it is linked to “inequities” being a consequence of poverty, poor planning, limited attention to basic humanity and citizenship rights, weak governance structures and inefficient use of available resources. Commonly perceived SDH factors include age, income, education, beliefs, cultural norms, gender, occupation, nutritional status, access to health care, access to safe water and sanitation and child bearing practices. SDH research is in its infancy but gaining momentum. In the absence of a specific “SDH portfolio”, SDH research is scattered and hidden within disease specific, poverty-related research and research on universal health coverage. Research is mainly externally funded, which has implications on the focus of context specific SDH research, national priorities and transfer to policy. This create mismatch with population and research capacity needs.ConclusionMost research analysis in the country fails to consider the context specific structural determinants of health and inequities towards a broader understanding of existing vulnerabilities. The challenge is on promoting a culture of critical inter-disciplinary research and analysis that is central to SDH research. Establishing a system to promote collaboration across sectors and strengthen collective capacities for individuals and institutions researching in SDH will augment existing SDH research initiatives and better inform appropriate intersectoral policies towards addressing prevailing health inequities across the country.

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“…Despite the challenges, several good policies exist, but, the problem is one on implementing them; i.e. putting policies into practice, effectively and equitably [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening national capacities for researching on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) towards informing and addressing health inequities in Tanzania

Mtenga

Masanja

Mamdani

2016

Int J Equity Health

Self Cite

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“…For those growing up in contexts of risk, such as children of sex workers or people injecting drugs, inclusion of their issues in the agendas of marginalised adults is compromised by issues of legality, which are particularly heightened with regards to child protection concerns. Genuine child participation in actual policy processes for children appears to be rare (Edström et al 2008b;Budlender et al 2008;Mamdani et al 2008). Civil society organisations working on children's rights or other issues can play a key role in giving visibility to children's concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Intergenerational Vulnerability for Adolescents Affected by HIV: An Argument for Voice and Visibility

Edström¹,

Khan

2009

IDS Bulletin

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The authors address the dynamic role of adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS. They analyse evidence for how intergenerational dynamics interact with HIV‐related vulnerability, through the likely influence of being AIDS‐affected on vulnerability to HIV infection, and through intergenerational reproductions of structural disadvantages and social determinants of HIV vulnerability. They review evidence of AIDS' impacts on children and of contextual influences on their vulnerability to infection, linked to orphaning, inequality and lack of education. They point to the paucity of longitudinal research into this area and challenges in uncovering structural determinants of vulnerability. Pressure for generalised ‘hard’ evidence in global policy fails to capture context‐specific dynamics. Focus shifts from the notion of children as passive ‘objects’ of study to one that includes ‘agency’ as central to adolescents maturing and interacting with multiple challenges. The authors argue for new approaches to research and policy, giving children voice and visibility in these debates.

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“…Most recommendations about the livelihood needs of AIDS‐affected young people focus on minimising school dropout rates (Arrehag et al . 2006), even though studies suggest that schooling provides few rural young people in southern Africa with access to paid employment (Ansell 2004) and fails to prepare them for the livelihoods they will engage in (Mamdani et al . 2008; Ansell 2000).…”

Section: Aids' Effects On Rural Young People's Livelihoodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa: Exploring AIDS and other constraints

Hajdú

Ansell

Robson

et al. 2010

The Geographical Journal

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How Best to Enable Support for Children Affected by HIV/AIDS? A Policy Case Study in Tanzania

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Strengthening national capacities for researching on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) towards informing and addressing health inequities in Tanzania

Strengthening national capacities for researching on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) towards informing and addressing health inequities in Tanzania

Perspectives on Intergenerational Vulnerability for Adolescents Affected by HIV: An Argument for Voice and Visibility

Income-generating activities for young people in southern Africa: Exploring AIDS and other constraints

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