How are healthy, working populations affected by increasing temperatures in the tropics? Implications for climate change adaptation policies

Masuda, Yuta J.; Castro, Brianna; Aggraeni, Ike; Wolff, Nicholas H.; Ebi, Kristie L.; Garg, Teevrat; Game, Edward T.; Krenz, Jennifer; Spector, June T.

doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.005

Cited by 56 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…We also do not include measures of forest regrowth in preserved areas or previously degraded areas being restored through intervention activities (37), which undoubtedly amplified carbon storage and sequestration benefits of the intervention. Furthermore, over the long term, preserving and restoring forest-related ecosystem services might also benefit human health by reducing the risk of waterborne diarrheal disease (38), lowering heat stress (39), or reducing vectors of malaria and arboviruses (40). Measuring these longer-term effects of ecosystem integrity on human health remains an important goal for future linked conservation and public health interventions.…”

Section: Villagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest

Jones

MacDonald

Hopkins

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Tropical forest loss currently exceeds forest gain, leading to a net greenhouse gas emission that exacerbates global climate change. This has sparked scientific debate on how to achieve natural climate solutions. Central to this debate is whether sustainably managing forests and protected areas will deliver global climate mitigation benefits, while ensuring local peoples’ health and well-being. Here, we evaluate the 10-y impact of a human-centered solution to achieve natural climate mitigation through reductions in illegal logging in rural Borneo: an intervention aimed at expanding health care access and use for communities living near a national park, with clinic discounts offsetting costs historically met through illegal logging. Conservation, education, and alternative livelihood programs were also offered. We hypothesized that this would lead to improved health and well-being, while also alleviating illegal logging activity within the protected forest. We estimated that 27.4 km2 of deforestation was averted in the national park over a decade (∼70% reduction in deforestation compared to a synthetic control, permuted P = 0.038). Concurrently, the intervention provided health care access to more than 28,400 unique patients, with clinic usage and patient visitation frequency highest in communities participating in the intervention. Finally, we observed a dose–response in forest change rate to intervention engagement (person-contacts with intervention activities) across communities bordering the park: The greatest logging reductions were adjacent to the most highly engaged villages. Results suggest that this community-derived solution simultaneously improved health care access for local and indigenous communities and sustainably conserved carbon stocks in a protected tropical forest.

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Section: Villagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest

Jones

MacDonald

Hopkins

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Of the myriad consequences such changes have for the climate, we focus on one; changes in daily maximum temperatures. Our interest is motivated in part by the aim to understand the extent to which limiting (accelerating) land cover change in tropical ecosystem frontiers can reduce (amplify) temperature increases in regions that already face disproportionate challenges to maintaining economic productivity due greenhouse gas emission-derived global change (Diffenbaugh and Burke 2019, Masuda et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest loss in Brazil increases maximum temperatures within 50 km

Cohn

Bhattarai

Campolo

et al. 2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Forest cover loss in the tropics is well known to cause warming at deforested sites, with maximum temperatures being particularly sensitive. Forest loss causes warming by altering local energy balance and surface roughness, local changes that can propagate across a wide range of spatial scales. Consequently, temperature increases result from not only changes in forest cover at a site, but also by the aggregate effects of non-local forest loss. We explored such non-local warming within Brazil's Amazon and Cerrado biomes, the region with the world's single largest amount of forest loss since 2000. Two datasets, one consisting of in-situ air temperature observations and a second, larger dataset consisting of ATs derived from remotely-sensed observations of land surface temperature, were used to quantify changes in maximum temperature due to forest cover loss at varying length-scales. We considered undisturbed forest locations (1 km 2 in extent), and forest loss trends in annuli ('halos'), located 1-2 km, 2-4 km, 4-10 km and 10-50 km from these undisturbed sites. Our research finds significant and substantial non-local warming, suggesting that historical estimates of warming due to forest cover loss under-estimate warming or mis-attribute warming to local change, where non-local changes also influence the pattern of temperature warming.

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“…First, we add to a recent body of evidence on the effects of extreme temperatures in developing countries. 1 Within this literature, to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to examine how heat affects allocation of the time budget, which is especially important in households with 1 For a non-exhaustive list, see Burgess et al (2017); Geruso and Spears (2018) on mortality, Colmer (2018); Jessoe, Manning and Taylor (2017); Santangelo (2016) on labor reallocation, Fishman, Carrillo and Russ (2019); Garg, Jagnani and Taraz (2018) on human capital, Chen and Yang (2017); Zhang et al (2018) on industrial output and Masuda et al (2019); Somanathan et al (2015) on labor productivity. For a broader review, see Heal and Park (2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme temperatures and time use in China

Garg

Gibson

Sun

2020

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

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How do people in developing countries respond to extreme temperatures? Using individual-level panel data over two decades and relying on plausibly exogenous variation in weather, we estimate how extreme temperatures affect time use in China. Extreme temperatures reduce time spent working, and this effect is largest for female farmers. Hot days reduce time spent by women on outdoor chores, but we find no such effects for men. Finally, hot days dramatically reduce time spent on childcare, reflecting large effects on home production. Taken together, our results suggest time use is an important margin of response to extreme temperatures.

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How are healthy, working populations affected by increasing temperatures in the tropics? Implications for climate change adaptation policies

Cited by 56 publications

References 70 publications

Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest

Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest

Forest loss in Brazil increases maximum temperatures within 50 km

Extreme temperatures and time use in China

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