Household transitions to clean energy in a multiprovincial cohort study in China

Carter, Ellison; Li, Yan; Fu, Yu; Robinson, Brian E.; Kelly, Frank J.; Elliott, Paul; Wu, Yangfeng; Zhao, Liyan; Ezzati, Majid; Yang, Xudong; Chan, Queenie; Baumgartner, Jill

doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0432-x

Cited by 112 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Although the SC burning has been cut down in Beijing, our detailed discussion of the effect of control measures in this study can provide valuable reference for the haze control in other regions where the civil SC consumption prevail, especially in winter. Those regions which rely on SC and biomass as primary civil heating fuels nowadays, should gradually promote clean energy transformation in accordance with the level of local economic development and the living standard of local residents (Carter et al, 2019). The improvement of fossil fuel combustion efficiency and popularization of clean energy use, will be propitious to air quality and people's health and help to achieve sustainable development in China.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Shi¹,

Xi²,

Simayi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. We identified scattered coal burning as the largest contributor to ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exceeding traffic-related emissions, during the heating season in Beijing prior to the rigorous emission limitations enacted in 2017. However, scattered coal is underestimated in emission inventories generally, because the activity data are incompletely recorded in official energy statistics. Results of positive matrix factorization (PMF) models confirmed that coal burning was the largest contributor to VOC concentrations prior to the emission limitations of 2017, and a reduction in scattered coal combustion, especially in rural residential sector, was the primary factor in the observed decrease in ambient VOCs and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential in urban Beijing after 2017. Scattered coal burning was included in a corrected emission inventory and we obtained comparable results between this corrected inventory and PMF analyses, particularly for the non-control period. However, a refined source sub-classification showed that passenger car exhaust, petrochemical manufacturing, gas stations, traffic evaporation, traffic equipment manufacturing, painting, and electronics manufacturing are also contributors to ambient VOCs. These sources should focus on future emission reduction strategies and targets in Beijing. Moreover, in other region with scattered coal-based heating, scattered coal burning is still the key factor to improve the air quality in winter.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10). To achieve global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Carter et al, 2019), the control of civil SC consumption is a significant topic to improve air quality, and emission reduction of industrial SC combustion is also worth attention.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Control Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Shi¹,

Xi²,

Simayi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the SC burning has been cut down in Beijing, our detailed discussion of the effect of control measures in this study can provide valuable reference for the haze control in other regions where civil SC consumption prevails especially in winter. Those regions which rely on SC and biomass as their primary civil heating fuels nowadays should gradually promote a clean energy transformation in accordance with the level of local economic development and the living standards of local residents (Carter et al, 2019). The improvement of fossil fuel combustion efficiency and the popularization of clean energy use will be propitious to air quality and people's health and will help to achieve sustainable development in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10). To achieve global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Carter et al, 2020), the control of civil SC consumption is a significant topic to improve air quality, and the emission reduction in industrial SC combustion is also worth attention.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Control Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Shi

Simayi

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We identified scattered coal burning as the largest contributor to ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exceeding traffic-related emissions, during the heating season (the cold season when fossil fuel is burned for residential heating) in Beijing prior to the rigorous emission limitations enacted in 2017. However, scattered coal is underestimated in emission inventories generally because the activity data are incompletely recorded in official energy statistics. Results of positive matrix factorization (PMF) models confirmed that coal burning was the largest contributor to VOC mixing ratios prior to the emission limitations of 2017, and a reduction in scattered coal combustion, especially in the rural residential sector, was the primary factor in the observed decrease in ambient VOCs and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential in urban Beijing after 2017. Scattered coal burning was included in a corrected emission inventory, and we obtained comparable results between this corrected inventory and PMF analysis particularly for the non-control period. However, a refined source subclassification showed that passenger car exhaust, petrochemical manufacturing, gas stations, traffic evaporation, traffic equipment manufacturing, painting, and electronics manufacturing are also contributors to ambient VOCs. These sources should focus on future emission reduction strategies and targets in Beijing. Moreover, in other regions with scattered coal-based heating, scattered coal burning is still the key factor to improve the air quality in winter.

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“…In order to analyze the relationship between WTP variables and possible influencing factors, factors including residential features, demographic features, environmental attitudes, and policy responses are taken into consideration in this study, based on previous studies [32,33]. Accordingly, the following econometric function will be studied as the basic model:…”

Section: Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Factors of Rural Households’ Willingness to Pay for Cleaner Heating in Hebi: A Case Study in Northern China

Xie

Chen

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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As coal-fired heating in winter in rural areas of northern China exacerbates air pollution, promoting cleaner heating transition is of significance for environmental sustainability. However, this is difficult as intentions and actions of rural households are deficient. This case study in northern China aims to estimate rural households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for facilities and energy for cleaner heating and explore its key factors. The survey-based analysis found that the total annual WTP for cleaner heating (sum of the WTP for heating facilities and energy per year) varied from RMB 250 to RMB 6800 (RMB 100 ≈ USD 15 in 2018), with a quite low average and a huge difference. The variation of the WTP can be attributed to economic and demographic features and environmental attitudes of households. Improvement of household income and environmental concern will enhance the WTP for cleaner heating, but a high vacancy rate and aging population in rural areas will generally inhibit it. Based on this study, some policy suggestions were proposed to promote cleaner heating transition in rural households; specifically, more attention should be paid to the poor and aged households.

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Household transitions to clean energy in a multiprovincial cohort study in China

Cited by 112 publications

References 62 publications

Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Scattered coal is the largest source of ambient volatile organic compounds during the heating season in Beijing

Key Factors of Rural Households’ Willingness to Pay for Cleaner Heating in Hebi: A Case Study in Northern China

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