Household Structure and Mobility Patterns of Women in O-D Surveys: Methods and Results Based on the Case Studies of Montreal and Paris

Abstract

The importance of household structure on mobility patterns in urban areas has been revealed by many studies. However, data for this type of analysis are not always available even though the need for taking into account family structure may be extremely important in the explanation of differences in travel behavior, namely in the comparative analysis of different socioeconomic or cultural contexts. Furthermore, the interest of studying the mobility patterns in relationship to household structure may give important insights into structural patterns of mobility behavior useful for forecasting. It would also give useful results for gender analysis. Telephone travel surveys are widely used because they are cheaper and often easier to realize but, due to the short duration of the interview, they usually do not contain direct information on family structure more easily obtained from longer at-home interviews. This paper is an attempt to validate and generalize a methodology presented elsewhere (Séguin and Bussière, forthcoming, 1996) for the Montreal region which reconstructed the variable of household structure from the telephone Origin-Destination (O-D) Travel Survey of 1987 which did not include questions on family ties between individuals living in the same household. We are presenting here the validation of the typology of household structure which was done on the basis of the Enquête Générale de Transport (EGT) 1991-92 survey of Paris and the 1993 O-D survey of Montreal and we present a few comparative results. Being confronted with the lack of the variable of the activity of the population in the survey of Montreal, we defined a working person as a person making at least one worktrip (or for business affairs) the day of the survey. We analyzed the differences in the relative distribution of family forms and the travel behaviors of individuals by sex, type of household, activity (working or not) with the help of a few global parameters (total mobility, mobility by mode). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are grateful to the Accords France-Québec and the Fonds FCAR (Fonds pour la formation de chercheurs et l'aide à la recherche) for their financial support and to the DREIF (Direction régionale de l'équipement-Île-de-France) for their authorization in regard to the use of the Enquête générale de transport (EGT) data.

Saudi Women and Vision 2030: Bridging the Gap?

“…Other factors such as culture and institutions are also relevant and affect travel behaviour and attitudes. The mobility patterns in relation to culture and household structure give important insights into transport patterns and are useful for investigating gender differences [5].…”

Enriching Travel Demand Forecasting Models with a Household Typology

“…Several studies have shown differences between the travel behaviors of women and men (longer trips for men ( 7 ), higher use of public transport and more service trips ( 8 ) for women). This is mainly explained by the fact that men and women typically play different roles in the household.…”

“…Most of the time, they are based on the number of people in the household, their main occupation, and their marital status. As an example, Bernard et al ( 8 ) combined households depending mainly on their marital status: couples, couples with minor children, couples with adult children, adults without children, single people, single people with children, and a residual category. Roussel ( 20 ) uses the term “simple households” for those only with people of the same family, as opposed to “complex households,” which admit third parties.…”

Midiendo la movilidad del cuidado en Madrid. Un reto para las políticas de transporte

“…Algunos autores se centran en la relación entre género, tiempo, pobreza y transporte (TURNER & GRIECO, 1998). Otros analizan la relación entre mujeres con bajos ingresos y el transporte (BLUMEMBERG, 2016;HAMILTON 1999;LUCAS, 2012), el transporte público y las necesidades de las mujeres (GUILIANO, 1979), la estructura del hogar y los patrones de movilidad (BERNARD & al, 1997), las diferencias de género en viajes por trabajo (BLUMEN, 1994;HANSON & PRATT 1995), las brechas de género en los desplazamientos (Crane 2007) y diferencias de género, transporte y ciclos de vida (2002). WEKERLE (1987WEKERLE ( , 1992 presenta datos sobre temas de seguridad en el transporte.…”