Household economies, social norms and practices of unpaid market work in Europe from the sixteenth century to the present

Martini, Manuela; Bellavitis, Anna

doi:10.1080/1081602x.2014.933999

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The administration of goods in the city market, however, could not always ensure the smooth circulation of food products. Frequent nutritional crises and inadequate distribution of products in the cities over that period are attested by accounts of the lack, adulteration, or high cost, of basic foods 39 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating habits and body ideals from the Renaissance period to the present: Perspectives from paintings on nutrition and body image

Karampetsos¹,

Efthymiou²,

Griva³

et al. 2021

Public Health Toxicol

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating habits and body ideals from the Renaissance period to the present: Perspectives from paintings on nutrition and body image

Karampetsos¹,

Efthymiou²,

Griva³

et al. 2021

Public Health Toxicol

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“…In these, the amount of (skilled and unskilled) work required of the apprentice likely surpassed the time spent on training. The presence of working contracts masked as apprenticeships has been already noted in the literature, in situations were no previous training was to be assumed for the apprentice, yet an apprenticeship was still used as contractual form (Martini and Bellavitis 2014). This is a slow track into the occupation, in which paid apprentices accepted conditions entailing less intense training and extra work, in exchange for higher wages.…”

Section: Paying For Opportunitymentioning

confidence: 90%

Apprenticeship in Early Modern Venice

Colavizza¹,

Cella²,

Bellavitis³

2019

Apprenticeship in Early Modern Europe

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The desire of the Republican state to regulate the production and sale of food led to the establishment, during the twelfth century, of the Giustizia Vecchia, a magistracy which later developed an authority over the majority of the city's guilds. The further decision to set a public register of contracts of apprenticeship reflects the ambition of Venetian authorities to regulate and control both vocational training and access to the urban job market, acting as a guarantor between masters and young apprentices. This chapter presents an historical overview of apprenticeship in early modern Venice, examining the development of the city's legislation on the matter, and analysing a new sample of contracts recorded in the city's apprenticeship registers during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In particular, we discuss the complex relationship between the general legal framework established by Venetian public authorities and the particular set of norms detailed in guilds statutes. 2 Our analysis reveals that apprenticeship contracts were used to accommodate a variety of situations, including paying for intense training to masked working contracts, while following the general framework provided by state and guild regulations. We then present an in-depth study of apprenticeship contracts from three crafts (goldsmiths, carpenters and printers), chosen for their economic importance, and because they possibly represented different realities in terms of technological specialization, capital (or labour) intensiveness and typology of market. This highlights yet another aspect of apprenticeship in Venice: the influence of guilds. Some guilds such as the Goldsmiths, were more closed to foreigners, favouring Venetians instead. Apprenticeship in early modern Venice is an institution which, despite appearing as highly regulated and formalized, accommodated a variety of realities with remarkable 1 Under review as part of an edited volume on European early modern apprenticeship, for the types of the Cambridge University Press. The chapter is the result of a collaborative work, and it is part of the research project GAWS (Garzoni: Apprenticeship, Work, Society), funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR, France) and the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche (FNS), in collaboration with the universities of Lille3 (resp. Valentina Sapienza), Rouen Normandie (resp. Anna Bellavitis) and the École Polytechnque Fédérale de Lausanne (resp. Frédéric Kaplan). For more information see http://garzoni.hypotheses.org. 2 Previous research on apprenticeship in early modern Venice focuses on institutions (e.g.

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“…Forms of leadership in the context of a family firm are multiple; they change constantly by means of ongoing bargaining and, therefore, family firms should be analyzed as fundamentally collaborative spheres that integrate different relationships and practices between family and business. In fact, the area of unpaid work in family business lies at the intersection of the history of the family and the history of labor (Martini and Bellavitis 2014).…”

Section: Analyzing Women's Work In Family Firms: An Awkward Fit In Conventional Dichotomiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hidden Work of Women in Small Family Firms in Southern Spain

Rodríguez-Modroño

Gálvez-Muñoz

Agenjo-Calderón

2017

jesb

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Women have historically played an important hidden role in family firms, and a great deal of research is now shedding light on this role. In spite of the more formal nature of female work at the present day, still a considerable volume of women's contributions in family firms is unregistered and unpaid, even in developed regions. A questionnaire was administered in 2011 to 396 women working in small and medium-sized family firms located in Andalucia, a Southern European region, characterized by familialism and a large informal economy. Our results confirm the persistence of subordinate forms of unpaid family collaboration due to the neutrality assigned to female contributions under the traditional gendered division of work. But also this study shows how some of the women voluntarily embrace subordinate roles as a temporary way to gain professional experience, useful for their future work inside or outside the family firm.

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Household economies, social norms and practices of unpaid market work in Europe from the sixteenth century to the present

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Eating habits and body ideals from the Renaissance period to the present: Perspectives from paintings on nutrition and body image

Eating habits and body ideals from the Renaissance period to the present: Perspectives from paintings on nutrition and body image

Apprenticeship in Early Modern Venice

The Hidden Work of Women in Small Family Firms in Southern Spain

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