Household acquisition and transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Enterobacteriaceae after hospital discharge of ESBL-positive index patients

Abstract

S. Harbarth). y Other members of the MODERN WP2 study group are listed in the study group section. Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Microbiology and Infection j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . c l i n i c a l m i c r o b i o l o g y a n d i n f e c t i o n . c o m

Populations of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are different in human-polluted environment and food items: a multicentre European study

“…Overall, J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f this suggests that transmission of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp strains from food items to humans is a rare event. This supports the idea that E. coli ST131 and other B2 clonal groups are not food-related and are mostly transmitted from human to human [10,15,24,26]. ST10 has been previously detected in humans, animals, and in the environment [27].…”

“…We collected samples of food products and from the hp-environment between January 2018 and August 2019, as part of the multicentre MODERN project. Samples from food products and hp-environment were collected within a prospective cohort study of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp carriage in four LTCFs (manuscript in preparation) and during a four-month follow-up of ESBL-Ec and ESBL-Kp carriers after hospital discharge [15].…”

“…Most studies neglected ESBL-Kp, also contaminating food items [13] and responsible for an important burden in human [14] with a rate of human-to-human transmission higher than of ESBL-Ec [15].…”

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Escherichia coli in River Waters Collected from Two Cities in Ghana, 2018–2020

“…It is likely that antibiotic use is also a determinant for ESBL-Ec carriage in Ghana; however, how it compares to other risk factors like human–animal contact or travel to other countries remains to be determined. ESBL-Ec can easily be transmitted between household members, so higher ESBL-Ec proportions might be maintained by higher population densities or tighter housing conditions [ 49 ]. Finally, an increased risk for ESBL-Ec acquisition during treatment of children with malnutrition has been found during amoxicillin therapy in Niger so the degree of malnourishment in the population might affect overall ESBL-Ec carriage [ 50 ].…”

Linking infection control to clinical management of infections to overcome antimicrobial resistance

“…Some of the main targets include minimizing the constant influx of resistant bacteria into the healthcare environment from newly admitted patients, avoiding cross-transmission between hospitalized patients and healthcare staff, and circumventing community transmission of resistant bacteria from the healthcare environment following discharge of patients. For example, with ESBLproducing Enterobacterales, it has been recently demonstrated that cases discharged from hospital are a relevant source of community infections, with the majority of transmission events related to care activities in the home [35]. Thus, developing effective prevention strategies and hygiene measures mandates full comprehension of all these processes.…”