House dust mite allergen in pillows

Kemp, Trudi; Siebers, Rob; Fishwick, David; O'Grady, G B; Fitzharris, Penny; Crane, Julian

doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7062.916

Cited by 73 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Mattress levels of Der p 1 in Ashford were higher when the mattress was >1 month old, but there were no differences between plastic and other mattresses types; the questionnaire did not differentiate different types of synthetic coverings. An increase in asthma risk among 6 yr-old British children sleeping on synthetic pillows has been reported [13] and researchers in New Zealand have attributed this to higher accumulations of Der p 1 in synthetic pillows [14]. Although the present survey is not directly comparable, since allergen concentrations were measured in infant bedding, much of which was new, and the measured concentrations were systematically lower than those in New Zealand, this explanation could not be confirmed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Domestic aeroallergen exposures among infants in an English town

Atkinson

Harris²,

Mills³

et al. 1999

Eur Respir J

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A multicentre, prospective cohort study of childhood asthma was established in three European countries; the purpose of the project is the examination of factors which modify the relationship between allergen exposure in infant life and subsequent atopy and asthma.Dust samples were collected from the homes of 643 infants in a single town in the UK (the first cohort) and assayed for house dust mites (Der p 1) and cat allergen (Fel d 1) concentrations by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A questionnaire with potential relevance to the development of atopy and asthma was completed.A wide variation in exposure to both allergens was observed. Carpeted, doubleglazed or damp living rooms, and those sampled in the winter months, had higher levels of Der p 1, but these features did not predict Fel d 1 concentrations. Measures of high home occupancy were positively related to Der p 1 concentrations; and inversely with levels of Fel d 1, a finding which could not be explained by cat ownership. Homes in which one or more persons smoked had significantly lower concentrations of Der p 1, but not Fel d 1. There were no consistent differences in allergen levels between homes where one or more parent or sibling was either atopic or asthmatic.These findings indicate complex interactions among domestic, behavioural and seasonal factors and early allergen exposure in British children. Eur Respir J 1999; 13: 583±589.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Domestic aeroallergen exposures among infants in an English town

Atkinson

Harris²,

Mills³

et al. 1999

Eur Respir J

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“…Our results demonstrate that allergenimpermeable covers in combination with weekly laundering of nonencased bedding materials can result in reductions in bed HDM allergens, in accordance with results of previous tests of these methods (5,9,15,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). The intervention that was implemented as part of this study resulted in bedding-dust HDM allergen concentrations < 10 µg/g, an exposure level threshold linked to asthma development (1) and acute asthma attacks (31).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effects of physical interventions on house dust mite allergen levels in carpet, bed, and upholstery dust in low-income, urban homes.

Vojta

Randels

Stout

et al. 2001

Environ Health Perspect

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House dust mite allergen exposure is a postulated risk factor for allergic sensitization, asthma development, and asthma morbidity; however, practical and effective methods to mitigate these allergens from low-income, urban home environments remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of physical interventions to mitigate house dust mite allergens in this setting. Homes with high levels of house dust mite allergen (Der f 1 + Der p 1 > or = 10 microg/g dust by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in the bed, bedroom carpet, and/or upholstered furniture were enrolled in the study. Carpets and upholstered furniture were subjected to a single treatment of either dry steam cleaning plus vacuuming (carpet only) or intensive vacuuming alone. Bed interventions consisted of complete encasement of the mattress, box spring, and pillows plus either weekly professional or in-home laundering of nonencased bedding. Dust samples were collected at baseline and again at 3 days (carpet and upholstery only) and 2, 4, and 8 weeks posttreatment. We compared pretreatment mean allergen concentrations and loads to posttreatment values and performed between-group analyses after adjusting for differences in the pretreatment means. Both dry steam cleaning plus vacuuming and vacuuming alone resulted in a significant reduction in carpet house dust mite allergen concentration and load (p < 0.05). Levels approached pretreatment values by 4 weeks posttreatment in the intensive vacuuming group, whereas steam cleaning plus vacuuming effected a decrease that persisted for up to 8 weeks. Significant decreases in bed house dust mite allergen concentration and load were obtained in response to encasement and either professional or in-home laundering (p < 0.001). Between-group analysis revealed significantly less postintervention house dust mite allergen load in professionally laundered compared to home-laundered beds (p < 0.05). Intensive vacuuming and dry steam cleaning both caused a significant reduction in allergen concentration and load in upholstered furniture samples (p < 0.005). Based on these data, we conclude that physical interventions offer practical, effective means of reducing house dust mite allergen levels in low-income, urban home environments.

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“…Thus, our findings support the hypothesis that feather bedding is, independent from parental atopy and indicators of allergen avoidance, negatively associated with asthma symptoms [21,22] and, to a lesser extent, with symptoms of allergic rhinitis and eczema. Further research, however, is needed before any causal mechanism concerning the observed negative association between the use of feather bedding and atopic disease symptoms can be assumed [22][23][24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthma and allergies among children in West and East Germany: a comparison between Munster and Greifswald using the ISAAC phase I protocol. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

Duhme

Weiland²,

Rudolph³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

118

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The study aim was to compare the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children living in Munster, western Germany, and Greifswald, eastern Germany, and to investigate associations of several characteristics and exposures with atopic disease symptoms. In 1994 and 1995, questionnaire information was gathered on 5-8 yr old children (n=3,741 in Munster and n=2,857 in Greifswald) and 12-15 yr olds (n=4,003 and n= 3,153, respectively) using the phase I protocol of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). The 12 month period prevalences of reported atopic disease symptoms in 5-8 yr olds were generally higher in Munster than in Greifswald, whereas only a few prevalence differences were observed in 12-15 yr olds. In both age groups the reported lifetime prevalences of asthma, hay fever and eczema were lower in Greifswald. Indoor exposures such as wood or coal heating and feather bedding were negatively associated with symptoms, whereas exposures such as truck traffic in a residential street or active smoking were positively associated with symptoms. Wood or coal heating could partly explain the prevalence difference of allergic rhinitis symptoms among 5-8 yr olds between Munster and Greifswald. The findings provide additional evidence for a role of several characteristics and exposures as potential determinants of asthma and allergies in children.

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House dust mite allergen in pillows

Cited by 73 publications

References 3 publications

Domestic aeroallergen exposures among infants in an English town

Domestic aeroallergen exposures among infants in an English town

Effects of physical interventions on house dust mite allergen levels in carpet, bed, and upholstery dust in low-income, urban homes.

Asthma and allergies among children in West and East Germany: a comparison between Munster and Greifswald using the ISAAC phase I protocol. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

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