Hot-water extract of ripened Pu-erh tea attenuates DSS-induced colitis through modulation of the NF-κB and HIF-1α signaling pathways in mice

Abstract

There was lots of information on anti-obesity and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, to our best knowledge, little was known about the prevention of colitis by RPT. We firstly assessed effects of RPT on phenotypic improvements of DSS-induced colitis in mice.

Aged Ripe Pu-erh Tea Reduced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Inflammation in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Mice by Regulating Intestinal Microbes

“…Part of the colon and liver were dissected and stained with hematoxylin−eosin (H&E) for pathological analysis; immunohistochemistry (IHC) 25 was used to analyze the corresponding protein expression (Mucin-2 (MUC2), zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)), and immunofluorescence (IF) 23 was used to analyze the corresponding protein expression of ROS and M1 and M2 type macrophages. All the antibodies were purchased from Proteintech Group, Inc. (Wuhan, Hubei, China).…”

“…With the increase in storage period, the change of its bioactive components creates the difference of health care function in anticancer, weight loss, and intervention of urinary metabolism. , Recent studies have shown that ripened pu-erh tea can increase the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the expression of colon peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in DSS-induced mice . Moreover, it improves DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting the activation of the HIF-1α/NF-κB pathway and reversing the imbalance of gut microbiota . However, there is no evidence to show whether the ripened pu-erh tea storage period affects its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity in colitis or even intestinal protection.…”

“…22 reversing the imbalance of gut microbiota. 23 However, there is no evidence to show whether the ripened pu-erh tea storage period affects its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity in colitis or even intestinal protection. The adjuvant therapeutic mechanism of aged ripe pu-erh tea on oxidative stressmediated inflammation in IBD needs to be further studied.…”

Ripened Pu-Erh Tea Improved the Enterohepatic Circulation in a Circadian Rhythm Disorder Mice Model

“…Western blot (WB) was used to measure the expression of the key inflammatory pathway and antioxidant proteins in the small intestine tissue. After adding the RIPA buffer homogenate (RIPA; Servicebio, Wuhan, China), cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins were extracted according to the instructions provided in the extraction kit (Jiancheng, Nanjing, China) . Proteins were separated by 10% SDS/PAGE and transferred to the PVDF membrane.…”

“…After adding the RIPA buffer homogenate (RIPA; Servicebio, Wuhan, China), cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins were extracted according to the instructions provided in the extraction kit (Jiancheng, Nanjing, China). 31 Proteins were separated by 10% SDS/PAGE and transferred to the PVDF membrane. After blocking in 5% skimmed milk for 1 h, the primary antibody was incubated at 4 °C overnight, and the secondary antibody was incubated at room temperature for another 1 h. 32 An enhanced chemiluminescence light detection kit (Servicebio, Wuhan, China) was used for protein detection, and AlphaEase FC software was used for calculations.…”